时间管理

date 命令

date命令用于输出当前时间

  1. $ date
  2. 2016 03 14 星期一 17:32:35 CST

date命令后面用加号(+)指定显示的格式。

  1. $ date +%d_%b_%Y
  2. 10_Sep_2018
  3. $ date +%D
  4. 09/10/18
  5. $ date +%F-%T
  6. 2018-09-10-11:09:51

完整的格式参数如下。

  • %a 星期名的缩写(Sun)
  • %A 星期名的全称(Sunday)
  • %b 月份的缩写(Jan)
  • %B 月份的全称(January)
  • %c 日期和时间(Thu Mar 3 23:05:25 2005)
  • %C 世纪,就是年份数省略后两位(20)
  • %d 一个月的第几天(01)
  • %D 日期,等同于%m/%d/%y
  • %e 一个月的第几天,用空格补零,等同于%_d
  • %F 完整的日期,等同于%Y-%m-%d
  • %g last two digits of year of ISO week number (see %G)
  • %G year of ISO week number (see %V); normally useful only with %V
  • %h 等同于%b
  • %H 小时(00..23)
  • %I 小时(01..12)
  • %j day of year (001..366)
  • %k hour ( 0..23)
  • %l hour ( 1..12)
  • %m month (01..12)
  • %M minute (00..59)
  • %N nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)
  • %p locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM; blank if not known
  • %P like %p, but lower case
  • %r locale’s 12-hour clock time (e.g., 11:11:04 PM)
  • %R 24-hour hour and minute; same as %H:%M
  • %s seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
  • %S second (00..60)
  • %T time; same as %H:%M:%S
  • %u day of week (1..7); 1 is Monday
  • %U week number of year, with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)
  • %V ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
  • %w day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday
  • %W week number of year, with Monday as first day of week (00..53)
  • %x locale’s date representation (e.g., 12/31/99)
  • %X locale’s time representation (e.g., 23:13:48)
  • %y last two digits of year (00..99)
  • %Y year
  • %z +hhmm numeric timezone (e.g., -0400)
  • %:z +hh:mm numeric timezone (e.g., -04:00)
  • %::z +hh:mm:ss numeric time zone (e.g., -04:00:00)
  • %Z alphabetic time zone abbreviation (e.g., EDT)

cal 命令

cal命令用于显示日历。不带有参数时,显示的是当前月份。

  1. $ cal
  2. 三月 2016
  3. 1 2 3 4 5
  4. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
  5. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
  6. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
  7. 27 28 29 30 31