创建项目

准备工作已做好了，接下来就开始创建一个新的项目。创建项目有两种方法：使用Composer、下载软件包。

不管是用哪种方法都需要用到Composer，因此我们需要先安装Composer。Composer是PHP的一个包管理工具，类似于Python的pip。

安装Composer

安装方法也很简单，执行如下命令进行下载安装，并将Composer程序移动到 /usr/local/bin 目录便于之后使用。

  1. $ curl -s https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
  2. $ [sudo] mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin

通过Composer创建项目

Composer安装完成之后，即可通过如下命令创建一个新的Symfony2项目，然后根据提示进行配置。

  1. $ composer.phar create-project symfony/framework-standard-edition symfony_tutorial 2.5.*
  2. Installing symfony/framework-standard-edition (v2.5.5)
  3.   - Installing symfony/framework-standard-edition (v2.5.5)
  4.     Downloading: 100%
  6. Created project in symfony_tutoriial
  7. Loading composer repositories with package information
  8. Installing dependencies (including require-dev)
  9.   - Installing jdorn/sql-formatter (v1.2.17)
  10.     Loading from cache
  12.   - Installing psr/log (1.0.0)
  13.     Loading from cache
  15.   - Installing twig/twig (v1.16.0)
  16.     Loading from cache
  18.   - Installing doctrine/lexer (v1.0)
  19.     Loading from cache
  21.   - Installing doctrine/annotations (v1.2.1)
  22.     Downloading: 100%
  24.   - Installing doctrine/collections (v1.2)
  25.     Loading from cache
  27.   - Installing doctrine/cache (v1.3.1)
  28.     Loading from cache
  30.   - Installing doctrine/inflector (v1.0)
  31.     Loading from cache
  33.   - Installing doctrine/common (v2.4.2)
  34.     Loading from cache
  36.   - Installing symfony/symfony (v2.5.5)
  37.     Downloading: 100%
  39.   - Installing symfony/icu (v1.2.2)
  40.     Downloading: 100%
  41.     Downloading: 100%
  43.   - Installing doctrine/dbal (v2.4.2)
  44.     Loading from cache
  46.   - Installing doctrine/doctrine-bundle (v1.2.0)
  47.     Loading from cache
  49.   - Installing kriswallsmith/assetic (v1.1.2)
  50.     Loading from cache
  52.   - Installing symfony/assetic-bundle (v2.3.0)
  53.     Loading from cache
  55.   - Installing doctrine/orm (v2.4.6)
  56.     Downloading: 100%
  58.   - Installing twig/extensions (v1.1.0)
  59.     Loading from cache
  61.   - Installing swiftmailer/swiftmailer (v5.3.0)
  62.     Downloading: 100%
  64.   - Installing symfony/swiftmailer-bundle (v2.3.7)
  65.     Loading from cache
  67.   - Installing monolog/monolog (1.11.0)
  68.     Downloading: 100%
  70.   - Installing symfony/monolog-bundle (v2.6.1)
  71.     Loading from cache
  73.   - Installing sensiolabs/security-checker (v2.0.0)
  74.     Downloading: 100%
  76.   - Installing sensio/distribution-bundle (v3.0.6)
  77.     Downloading: 100%
  79.   - Installing sensio/framework-extra-bundle (v3.0.2)
  80.     Loading from cache
  82.   - Installing incenteev/composer-parameter-handler (v2.1.0)
  83.     Loading from cache
  85.   - Installing sensio/generator-bundle (v2.4.0)
  86.     Downloading: 100%
  88. kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing leafo/lessphp (Assetic provides the integration with the lessphp LESS compiler)
  89. kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing leafo/scssphp (Assetic provides the integration with the scssphp SCSS compiler)
  90. kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing ptachoire/cssembed (Assetic provides the integration with phpcssembed to embed data uris)
  91. kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing leafo/scssphp-compass (Assetic provides the integration with the SCSS compass plugin)
  92. monolog/monolog suggests installing graylog2/gelf-php (Allow sending log messages to a GrayLog2 server)
  93. monolog/monolog suggests installing raven/raven (Allow sending log messages to a Sentry server)
  94. monolog/monolog suggests installing doctrine/couchdb (Allow sending log messages to a CouchDB server)
  95. monolog/monolog suggests installing ruflin/elastica (Allow sending log messages to an Elastic Search server)
  96. monolog/monolog suggests installing videlalvaro/php-amqplib (Allow sending log messages to an AMQP server using php-amqplib)
  97. monolog/monolog suggests installing ext-amqp (Allow sending log messages to an AMQP server (1.0+ required))
  98. monolog/monolog suggests installing ext-mongo (Allow sending log messages to a MongoDB server)
  99. monolog/monolog suggests installing aws/aws-sdk-php (Allow sending log messages to AWS services like DynamoDB)
  100. monolog/monolog suggests installing rollbar/rollbar (Allow sending log messages to Rollbar)
  101. Writing lock file
  102. Generating autoload files
  103. Would you like to install Acme demo bundle? [y/N] y
  104. Creating the "app/config/parameters.yml" file
  105. Some parameters are missing. Please provide them.
  106. database_driver (pdo_mysql):
  107. database_host (127.0.0.1):
  108. database_port (null):
  109. database_name (symfony):
  110. database_user (root):
  111. database_password (null):
  112. mailer_transport (smtp):
  113. mailer_host (127.0.0.1):
  114. mailer_user (null):
  115. mailer_password (null):
  116. locale (en):
  117. secret (ThisTokenIsNotSoSecretChangeIt):
  118. debug_toolbar (true):
  119. debug_redirects (false):
  120. use_assetic_controller (true):
  121. Clearing the cache for the dev environment with debug true
  122. Installing assets as hard copies
  123. Installing assets for Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle into web/bundles/framework
  124. Installing assets for Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle into web/bundles/sensiodistribution

通过下载软件包创建项目

从 http://symfony.com/download?v=Symfony_Standard_Vendors_2.5.5.zip 下载软件压缩包，然后解压即可。

  1. $ unzip Symfony_Standard_Vendors_2.5.5.zip

不管是用哪种方法进行安装的，最终项目的目录结构如下：

  1. project_root/
  2.     app/            <- 应用程序配置
  3.         cache/
  4.         config/
  5.         logs/
  6.     src/            <- 项目代码
  7.         ...
  8.     vendor/         <- 第三方依赖
  9.         ...
  10.     web/            <- web根目录
  11.         app.php
  12.         app_dev.php
  13.         ...
  14.     composer.json

其中 vendor 目录是存放第三方依赖库的，如果使用的git进行代码的版本管理的话，应该要把它添加到.gitignore文件中。

如果你的项目中 vendor 目录为空，那么需要执行命令 composer.phar install 进行安装第三方依赖库。如果第三方依赖库有更新，那么需要执行命令 composer.phar update 进行更新。

更新配置

项目创建完成之后，接下来是检查环境是否正确以及更新配置信息。

先执行如下命令进行检查：

  1. $ php app/check.php
  3. Symfony2 Requirements Checker
  4. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  6. > PHP is using the following php.ini file:
  7.   /opt/lcphp/lib/php.ini
  9. > Checking Symfony requirements:
  10.   ........................................
  13.  [OK]
  14.  Your system is ready to run Symfony2 projects
  17. Note  The command console could use a different php.ini file
  18. ~~~~  than the one used with your web server. To be on the
  19.       safe side, please check the requirements from your web
  20.       server using the web/config.php script.

环境检查没有问题之后再进行编辑 app/config/parameters.yml 文件，配置数据库信息和邮件信息。