ADD INDEX

ALTER TABLE.. ADD INDEX 语句用于在已有表中添加一个索引。在 TiDB 中，ADD INDEX 为在线操作，不会阻塞表中的数据读写。

语法图

AlterTableStmt:

AlterTableStmt

AlterTableSpec:

AlterTableSpec

ColumnKeywordOpt:

ColumnKeywordOpt

ColumnDef:

ColumnDef

ColumnPosition:

ColumnPosition

示例

  1. CREATE TABLE t1 (id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, c1 INT NOT NULL);
  1. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
  1. INSERT INTO t1 (c1) VALUES (1),(2),(3),(4),(5);
  1. Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.03 sec)
  2. Records: 5  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0
  1. EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c1 = 3;
  1. +---------------------+----------+------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
  2. | id                  | count    | task | operator info                                               |
  3. +---------------------+----------+------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
  4. | TableReader_7       | 10.00    | root | data:Selection_6                                            |
  5. | └─Selection_6       | 10.00    | cop  | eq(test.t1.c1, 3)                                           |
  6. |   └─TableScan_5     | 10000.00 | cop  | table:t1, range:[-inf,+inf], keep order:false, stats:pseudo |
  7. +---------------------+----------+------+-------------------------------------------------------------+
  8. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  1. ALTER TABLE t1 ADD INDEX (c1);
  1. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.30 sec)
  1. EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE c1 = 3;
  1. +-------------------+-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
  2. | id                | count | task | operator info                                                   |
  3. +-------------------+-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
  4. | IndexReader_6     | 10.00 | root | index:IndexScan_5                                               |
  5. | └─IndexScan_5     | 10.00 | cop  | table:t1, index:c1, range:[3,3], keep order:false, stats:pseudo |
  6. +-------------------+-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
  7. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL 兼容性

  • 不支持 FULLTEXT，HASH 和 SPATIAL 索引。
  • 不支持降序索引（类似于 MySQL 5.7）。
  • 目前尚不支持同时添加多个索引。
  • 默认无法向表中添加 PRIMARY KEY，在开启 alter-primary-key 配置项后可支持此功能，详情参考：alter-primary-key。

另请参阅