Skeleton骨架屏

在需要等待加载内容的位置提供一个占位图形组合。

何时使用

• 网络较慢，需要长时间等待加载处理的情况下。

• 图文信息内容较多的列表/卡片中。

• 只在第一次加载数据的时候使用。

• 可以被 Spin 完全代替，但是在可用的场景下可以比 Spin 提供更好的视觉效果和用户体验。

代码演示

基本

最简单的占位效果。

import { Skeleton } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(<Skeleton />, mountNode);

复杂的组合

更复杂的组合。

import { Skeleton } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(<Skeleton avatar paragraph={{ rows: 4 }} />, mountNode);

动画效果

显示动画效果。

import { Skeleton } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(<Skeleton active />, mountNode);

骨架按钮、头像和输入框。

骨架按钮、头像和输入框。

import { Skeleton, Switch, Form, Radio } from 'antd';
class Demo extends React.Component {
  state = {
    buttonActive: false,
    avatarActive: false,
    inputActive: false,
    buttonSize: 'default',
    avatarSize: 'default',
    inputSize: 'default',
    buttonShape: 'default',
    avatarShape: 'circle',
  };
  handleActiveChange = prop => checked => {
    this.setState({ [prop]: checked });
  };
  handleSizeChange = prop => e => {
    this.setState({ [prop]: e.target.value });
  };
  handleShapeChange = prop => e => {
    this.setState({ [prop]: e.target.value });
  };
  render() {
    const {
      buttonActive,
      avatarActive,
      inputActive,
      buttonSize,
      avatarSize,
      inputSize,
      buttonShape,
      avatarShape,
    } = this.state;
    return (
      <div>
        <div>
          <Form layout="inline" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }}>
            <Form.Item label="ButtonActive">
              <Switch checked={buttonActive} onChange={this.handleActiveChange('buttonActive')} />
            </Form.Item>
            <Form.Item label="ButtonSize">
              <Radio.Group value={buttonSize} onChange={this.handleSizeChange('buttonSize')}>
                <Radio.Button value="default">Default</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="large">Large</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="small">Small</Radio.Button>
              </Radio.Group>
            </Form.Item>
            <Form.Item label="ButtonShape">
              <Radio.Group value={buttonShape} onChange={this.handleShapeChange('buttonShape')}>
                <Radio.Button value="default">Default</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="round">Round</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="circle">Circle</Radio.Button>
              </Radio.Group>
            </Form.Item>
          </Form>
          <Skeleton.Button active={buttonActive} size={buttonSize} shape={buttonShape} />
        </div>
        <br />
        <div>
          <Form layout="inline" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }}>
            <Form.Item label="AvatarActive">
              <Switch checked={avatarActive} onChange={this.handleActiveChange('avatarActive')} />
            </Form.Item>
            <Form.Item label="AvatarSize">
              <Radio.Group value={avatarSize} onChange={this.handleSizeChange('avatarSize')}>
                <Radio.Button value="default">Default</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="large">Large</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="small">Small</Radio.Button>
              </Radio.Group>
            </Form.Item>
            <Form.Item label="AvatarShape">
              <Radio.Group value={avatarShape} onChange={this.handleShapeChange('avatarShape')}>
                <Radio.Button value="square">Square</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="circle">Circle</Radio.Button>
              </Radio.Group>
            </Form.Item>
          </Form>
          <Skeleton.Avatar active={avatarActive} size={avatarSize} shape={avatarShape} />
        </div>
        <br />
        <div>
          <Form layout="inline" style={{ marginBottom: 16 }}>
            <Form.Item label="InputActive">
              <Switch checked={inputActive} onChange={this.handleActiveChange('inputActive')} />
            </Form.Item>
            <Form.Item label="InputSize">
              <Radio.Group value={inputSize} onChange={this.handleSizeChange('inputSize')}>
                <Radio.Button value="default">Default</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="large">Large</Radio.Button>
                <Radio.Button value="small">Small</Radio.Button>
              </Radio.Group>
            </Form.Item>
          </Form>
          <Skeleton.Input style={{ width: '300px' }} active={inputActive} size={inputSize} />
        </div>
      </div>
    );
  }
}
ReactDOM.render(<Demo />, mountNode);

包含子组件

加载占位图包含子组件。

import { Skeleton, Button } from 'antd';
class Demo extends React.Component {
  state = {
    loading: false,
  };
  showSkeleton = () => {
    this.setState({ loading: true });
    setTimeout(() => {
      this.setState({ loading: false });
    }, 3000);
  };
  render() {
    return (
      <div className="article">
        <Skeleton loading={this.state.loading}>
          <div>
            <h4>Ant Design, a design language</h4>
            <p>
              We supply a series of design principles, practical patterns and high quality design
              resources (Sketch and Axure), to help people create their product prototypes
              beautifully and efficiently.
            </p>
          </div>
        </Skeleton>
        <Button onClick={this.showSkeleton} disabled={this.state.loading}>
          Show Skeleton
        </Button>
      </div>
    );
  }
}
ReactDOM.render(<Demo />, mountNode);

列表

在列表组件中使用加载占位符。

import { Skeleton, Switch, List, Avatar } from 'antd';
import { StarOutlined, LikeOutlined, MessageOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';
const listData = [];
for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
  listData.push({
    href: 'http://ant.design',
    title: `ant design part ${i}`,
    avatar: 'https://zos.alipayobjects.com/rmsportal/ODTLcjxAfvqbxHnVXCYX.png',
    description:
      'Ant Design, a design language for background applications, is refined by Ant UED Team.',
    content:
      'We supply a series of design principles, practical patterns and high quality design resources (Sketch and Axure), to help people create their product prototypes beautifully and efficiently.',
  });
}
const IconText = ({ icon, text }) => (
  <span>
    {React.createElement(icon, { style: { marginRight: 8 } })}
    {text}
  </span>
);
class App extends React.Component {
  state = {
    loading: true,
  };
  onChange = checked => {
    this.setState({ loading: !checked });
  };
  render() {
    const { loading } = this.state;
    return (
      <div>
        <Switch checked={!loading} onChange={this.onChange} />
        <List
          itemLayout="vertical"
          size="large"
          dataSource={listData}
          renderItem={item => (
            <List.Item
              key={item.title}
              actions={
                !loading && [
                  <IconText icon={StarOutlined} text="156" key="list-vertical-star-o" />,
                  <IconText icon={LikeOutlined} text="156" key="list-vertical-like-o" />,
                  <IconText icon={MessageOutlined} text="2" key="list-vertical-message" />,
                ]
              }
              extra={
                !loading && (
                  <img
                    width={272}
                    alt="logo"
                    src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/zos/rmsportal/mqaQswcyDLcXyDKnZfES.png"
                  />
                )
              }
            >
              <Skeleton loading={loading} active avatar>
                <List.Item.Meta
                  avatar={<Avatar src={item.avatar} />}
                  title={<a href={item.href}>{item.title}</a>}
                  description={item.description}
                />
                {item.content}
              </Skeleton>
            </List.Item>
          )}
        />
      </div>
    );
  }
}
ReactDOM.render(<App />, mountNode);

API

Skeleton

SkeletonAvatarProps

SkeletonTitleProps

SkeletonParagraphProps

SkeletonButtonProps

SkeletonInputProps