Java 中的局部变量
原文: https://javabeginnerstutorial.com/core-java-tutorial/local-variable-in-java/
让我们进一步了解 Java 中的局部变量。 在 Java 程序的方法中声明的变量称为局部变量。
局部变量规则
局部变量示例
package com.jbt;/** Here we will discuss about different type of Variables available in Java*/public class VariablesInJava {/** Below variable is INSTANCE VARIABLE as it is outside any method and it is* not using STATIC modifier with it. It is using default access modifier.* To know more about ACCESS MODIFIER visit appropriate section*/int instanceField;/** Below variable is STATIC variable as it is outside any method and it is* using STATIC modifier with it. It is using default access modifier. To* know more about ACCESS MODIFIER visit appropriate section*/static String staticField;public void method() {/** Below variable is LOCAL VARIABLE as it is defined inside method in* class. Only modifier that can be applied on local variable is FINAL.* To know more about access and non access modifier visit appropriate* section.** Note* : Local variable needs to initialize before they can be used.* Which is not true for Static or Instance variable.*/final String localVariable = "Initial Value";System.out.println(localVariable);}public static void main(String args[]) {VariablesInJava obj = new VariablesInJava();/** Instance variable can only be accessed by Object of the class only as below.*/System.out.println(obj.instanceField);/** Static field can be accessed in two way.* 1- Via Object of the class* 2- Via CLASS name*/System.out.println(obj.staticField);System.out.println(VariablesInJava.staticField);}}
public class UserController {// Instance variableprivate String outsideVariable;public void setLength(){//Local variableString localVariable = "0";// In order to use below line local variable needs to be initialzedSystem.out.println("Value of the localVariable is-"+localVariable);}}
命名约定
命名局部变量没有特定的规则。 所有变量规则都适用于局部变量。
下面提到的是命名局部变量的规则。
- 变量名称区分大小写。
- 局部变量的长度没有限制。
- 如果变量名只有一个单词,则所有字符均应小写。
重点
- 局部变量不能使用任何访问级别,因为它们仅存在于方法内部。
Final是唯一可以应用于局部变量的非访问修饰符。- 局部变量没有默认值,因此必须先启动局部变量,然后才能使用它们。
