CRI - Container Runtime Interface(容器运行时接口)

CRI中定义了容器镜像的服务的接口,因为容器运行时与镜像的生命周期是彼此隔离的,因此需要定义两个服务。该接口使用Protocol Buffer,基于gRPC,在Kubernetes v1.10+版本中是在pkg/kubelet/apis/cri/runtime/v1alpha2api.proto中定义的。

CRI架构

Container Runtime实现了CRI gRPC Server,包括RuntimeServiceImageService。该gRPC Server需要监听本地的Unix socket,而kubelet则作为gRPC Client运行。

CRI架构-图片来自kubernetes blog

启用CRI

除非集成了rktnetes,否则CRI都是被默认启用了,从Kubernetes1.7版本开始,旧的预集成的docker CRI已经被移除。

要想启用CRI只需要在kubelet的启动参数重传入此参数:--container-runtime-endpoint远程运行时服务的端点。当前Linux上支持unix socket,windows上支持tcp。例如:unix:///var/run/dockershim.socktcp://localhost:373,默认是unix:///var/run/dockershim.sock,即默认使用本地的docker作为容器运行时。

CRI接口

Kubernetes 1.9中的CRI接口在api.proto中的定义如下:

  1. // Runtime service defines the public APIs for remote container runtimes
  2. service RuntimeService {
  3. // Version returns the runtime name, runtime version, and runtime API version.
  4. rpc Version(VersionRequest) returns (VersionResponse) {}
  5. // RunPodSandbox creates and starts a pod-level sandbox. Runtimes must ensure
  6. // the sandbox is in the ready state on success.
  7. rpc RunPodSandbox(RunPodSandboxRequest) returns (RunPodSandboxResponse) {}
  8. // StopPodSandbox stops any running process that is part of the sandbox and
  9. // reclaims network resources (e.g., IP addresses) allocated to the sandbox.
  10. // If there are any running containers in the sandbox, they must be forcibly
  11. // terminated.
  12. // This call is idempotent, and must not return an error if all relevant
  13. // resources have already been reclaimed. kubelet will call StopPodSandbox
  14. // at least once before calling RemovePodSandbox. It will also attempt to
  15. // reclaim resources eagerly, as soon as a sandbox is not needed. Hence,
  16. // multiple StopPodSandbox calls are expected.
  17. rpc StopPodSandbox(StopPodSandboxRequest) returns (StopPodSandboxResponse) {}
  18. // RemovePodSandbox removes the sandbox. If there are any running containers
  19. // in the sandbox, they must be forcibly terminated and removed.
  20. // This call is idempotent, and must not return an error if the sandbox has
  21. // already been removed.
  22. rpc RemovePodSandbox(RemovePodSandboxRequest) returns (RemovePodSandboxResponse) {}
  23. // PodSandboxStatus returns the status of the PodSandbox. If the PodSandbox is not
  24. // present, returns an error.
  25. rpc PodSandboxStatus(PodSandboxStatusRequest) returns (PodSandboxStatusResponse) {}
  26. // ListPodSandbox returns a list of PodSandboxes.
  27. rpc ListPodSandbox(ListPodSandboxRequest) returns (ListPodSandboxResponse) {}
  28. // CreateContainer creates a new container in specified PodSandbox
  29. rpc CreateContainer(CreateContainerRequest) returns (CreateContainerResponse) {}
  30. // StartContainer starts the container.
  31. rpc StartContainer(StartContainerRequest) returns (StartContainerResponse) {}
  32. // StopContainer stops a running container with a grace period (i.e., timeout).
  33. // This call is idempotent, and must not return an error if the container has
  34. // already been stopped.
  35. // TODO: what must the runtime do after the grace period is reached?
  36. rpc StopContainer(StopContainerRequest) returns (StopContainerResponse) {}
  37. // RemoveContainer removes the container. If the container is running, the
  38. // container must be forcibly removed.
  39. // This call is idempotent, and must not return an error if the container has
  40. // already been removed.
  41. rpc RemoveContainer(RemoveContainerRequest) returns (RemoveContainerResponse) {}
  42. // ListContainers lists all containers by filters.
  43. rpc ListContainers(ListContainersRequest) returns (ListContainersResponse) {}
  44. // ContainerStatus returns status of the container. If the container is not
  45. // present, returns an error.
  46. rpc ContainerStatus(ContainerStatusRequest) returns (ContainerStatusResponse) {}
  47. // UpdateContainerResources updates ContainerConfig of the container.
  48. rpc UpdateContainerResources(UpdateContainerResourcesRequest) returns (UpdateContainerResourcesResponse) {}
  49. // ExecSync runs a command in a container synchronously.
  50. rpc ExecSync(ExecSyncRequest) returns (ExecSyncResponse) {}
  51. // Exec prepares a streaming endpoint to execute a command in the container.
  52. rpc Exec(ExecRequest) returns (ExecResponse) {}
  53. // Attach prepares a streaming endpoint to attach to a running container.
  54. rpc Attach(AttachRequest) returns (AttachResponse) {}
  55. // PortForward prepares a streaming endpoint to forward ports from a PodSandbox.
  56. rpc PortForward(PortForwardRequest) returns (PortForwardResponse) {}
  57. // ContainerStats returns stats of the container. If the container does not
  58. // exist, the call returns an error.
  59. rpc ContainerStats(ContainerStatsRequest) returns (ContainerStatsResponse) {}
  60. // ListContainerStats returns stats of all running containers.
  61. rpc ListContainerStats(ListContainerStatsRequest) returns (ListContainerStatsResponse) {}
  62. // UpdateRuntimeConfig updates the runtime configuration based on the given request.
  63. rpc UpdateRuntimeConfig(UpdateRuntimeConfigRequest) returns (UpdateRuntimeConfigResponse) {}
  64. // Status returns the status of the runtime.
  65. rpc Status(StatusRequest) returns (StatusResponse) {}
  66. }
  67. // ImageService defines the public APIs for managing images.
  68. service ImageService {
  69. // ListImages lists existing images.
  70. rpc ListImages(ListImagesRequest) returns (ListImagesResponse) {}
  71. // ImageStatus returns the status of the image. If the image is not
  72. // present, returns a response with ImageStatusResponse.Image set to
  73. // nil.
  74. rpc ImageStatus(ImageStatusRequest) returns (ImageStatusResponse) {}
  75. // PullImage pulls an image with authentication config.
  76. rpc PullImage(PullImageRequest) returns (PullImageResponse) {}
  77. // RemoveImage removes the image.
  78. // This call is idempotent, and must not return an error if the image has
  79. // already been removed.
  80. rpc RemoveImage(RemoveImageRequest) returns (RemoveImageResponse) {}
  81. // ImageFSInfo returns information of the filesystem that is used to store images.
  82. rpc ImageFsInfo(ImageFsInfoRequest) returns (ImageFsInfoResponse) {}
  83. }

这其中包含了两个gRPC服务:

  • RuntimeService:容器和Sandbox运行时管理。
  • ImageService:提供了从镜像仓库拉取、查看、和移除镜像的RPC。

当前支持的CRI后端

我们最初在使用Kubernetes时通常会默认使用Docker作为容器运行时,其实从Kubernetes 1.5开始已经开始支持CRI,目前是处于Alpha版本,通过CRI接口可以指定使用其它容器运行时作为Pod的后端,目前支持 CRI 的后端有:

  • cri-o:同时兼容OCI和CRI的容器运行时
  • cri-containerd:基于Containerd的Kubernetes CRI 实现
  • rkt:由CoreOS主推的用来跟docker抗衡的容器运行时
  • frakti:基于hypervisor的CRI
  • docker:kuberentes最初就开始支持的容器运行时,目前还没完全从kubelet中解耦,docker公司同时推广了OCI标准
  • Clear Containers:由Intel推出的同时兼容OCI和CRI的容器运行时
  • Kata Containers:符合OCI规范同时兼容CRI
  • gVisor:由谷歌推出的容器运行时沙箱(Experimental)

CRI是由SIG-Node来维护的。

参考