Apt-* 命令

啊哈, 终于到了Debian系列啦~

apt-cache search 搜索软件包

➤ apt-cache search ^apache2$
apache2 - Apache HTTP Server

这个例子搜索了apache2这个软件, 可以看到, 支持正则表达式哦~

dpkg -l列出当前安装的软件包

其实也不仅列出了安装的软件包, 还列出了曾经安装过, 现在没有完全卸载的软件包, 前面有几个标识符, 比如i,r:

apache2 - Apache HTTP Server
➤ dpkg -l
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                                 Version                 Architecture            Description
+++-====================================-=======================-=======================-=============================================================================
ii  account-plugin-aim                   3.12.10-0ubuntu2        amd64                   Messaging account plugin for AIM
ii  account-plugin-facebook              0.12+15.10.20150723-0ub all                     GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon - facebook
ii  account-plugin-flickr                0.12+15.10.20150723-0ub all                     GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon - flickr
ii  account-plugin-google                0.12+15.10.20150723-0ub all                     GNOME Control Center account plugin for single signon
ii  account-plugin-jabber                3.12.10-0ubuntu2        amd64                   Messaging account plugin for Jabber/XMPP
ii  account-plugin-salut                 3.12.10-0ubuntu2        amd64                   Messaging account plugin for Local XMPP (Salut)
ii  account-plugin-yahoo                 3.12.10-0ubuntu2        amd64                   Messaging account plugin for Yahoo!
ii  accountsservice                      0.6.40-2ubuntu5         amd64                   query and manipulate user account information
ii  acct                                 6.5.5-2.1ubuntu1        amd64                   The GNU Accounting utilities for process and login accounting
ii  ack-grep                             2.14-4                  all                     grep-like program specifically for large source trees
ii  acl                                  2.2.52-2                amd64                   Access control list utilities
ii  acpi-support                         0.142                   amd64                   scripts for handling many ACPI events
...
...
...

可以看到, 乱七八糟一大堆…

这个命令也能安装软件.dpkg -i packge_name.deb

apt-get install 安装软件

也很简单啊, 只要把你需要安装的软件告诉他, 然后他就会按照依赖关系把需要的包一个一个都给装好:

$ sudo apt-get install apache2
[sudo] password for ramesh:
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apache2 apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils
apache2.2-common libapr1 libaprutil1 libpq5
0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 26 not upgraded.

apt-get remove 卸载软件

$ sudo apt-get purge apache2
(or)
$ sudo apt-get remove apache2

两者都可以卸载, 区别是什么? 第一个是彻底卸载, 包括各种配置文件,可以理解为apt-get remove apache2* 第二个只是移除二进制文件, 单纯的把apache2卸载.

除此之外, 还有apt-get update, apt-get upgrade, apt-get dist-upgrade等一系列命令… 想知道他们都是什么吗? 自己去搜吧 :)

相当的easy~