部署方式

Nginx+uwsgi

  • 部署Python Web的方式有好多中, 这里只是举例其中一种方式, 使用Nginx + uwsgi部署. 查阅资料,认为uwsgi性能还不错

uwsgi安装与配置

安装

  • pip 安装uwsgi(如果有建有python虚拟环境的请先进入虚拟环境再安装)
  1. pip install uwsgi

配置

  • 新建一个文件uwsgi.ini (建议在osroom根目录下)，写入如下配置:
  1. [uwsgi]
  2. # 使用uwsgi示范
  3. # uwsgi 启动时所使用的地址与端口
  4. socket = 127.0.0.1:6001
  5. # 指向网站目录
  6. chdir=/home/work/project/osroom
  7. # python 启动程序文件
  8. wsgi-file = start.py
  10. # python 程序内用以启动的 application 变量名
  11. callable = app
  12. master = true
  13. enable-threads = true
  15. # 启动的线程
  16. processes = 4
  17. vacuum = true
  18. die-on-term = true
  19. harakiri = 30
  21. # 每一个工作进程都生成以后才加载应用程序
  22. lazy = true
  23. disable-logging = true
  24. # 状态检测地址
  25. stats = 127.0.0.1:9191
  26. # pid
  27. pidfile = /tmp/osroom_uwsgi.pid

其他配置项可以参考uwsgi文档

启动网站

  • 注意：启动前确认osroom的数据库是否已配置正确
  • 启动命令
  1. # 如果uwsgi装在python虚拟环境，要先进入虚拟环境,再用如下命令启动
  2. uwsgi /home/work/project/osroom/uwsgi.ini

（附加）方法2：如果uwsgi安装在python虚拟环境中，又不想进入虚拟环境，可以这样启动

  1. # venv_osroom是我的虚拟环境目录
  2. /home/work/project/venv_osroom/bin/uwsgi /home/work/project/osroom/uwsgi.ini
  • 启动成功后:由于uwsgi.ini配置的端口是6001，所以不能通过其他端口访问网站，需要下面配置Nginx转发到6001端口
  1. ...
  3. uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:6001 fd 3
  4. Python version: 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01)  [GCC 5.4.0 20160609]
  5. Python main interpreter initialized at 0x1b9bcd0
  6. python threads support enabled
  8. ...
  10. *** Operational MODE: preforking ***
  11. *** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
  12. spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 22449)
  13. spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 22450, cores: 1)
  14. spawned uWSGI worker 2 (pid: 22451, cores: 1)
  15. spawned uWSGI worker 3 (pid: 22452, cores: 1)
  16. spawned uWSGI worker 4 (pid: 22453, cores: 1)
  18. ...
  20. worker 1 buried after 1 seconds
  21. worker 2 buried after 1 seconds
  22. worker 3 buried after 1 seconds
  23. worker 4 buried after 1 seconds
  25. ...

Nginx 安装与配置

安装

  • Ubuntu 14.04或Ubuntu 16.04使用apt-get直接安装如下：
  1. sudo apt-get install nginx
  • 也可以使用wget下载，再安装，请自行Google查找教程哈

配置文件

  • 创建一个nginx配置文件osroom-naginx.conf，文件配置如下(这里只是示范，Nginx有许多配置项可以自己查找教程):
  1. upstream osroom-web {
  2.       # 转发到6001端口
  3.       server 127.0.0.1:6001;
  4. }
  6. server {
  7.         # 监听80端端口
  8.         listen 80;
  9.         server_name <你的域名>;
  10.         gzip on;
  11.         gzip_comp_level 5;
  12.         gzip_types application/json text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/xml text/css;
  13.         open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;
  14.         access_log /var/log/nginx/manage.vhost.access.log;
  15.         error_log /var/log/nginx/manage.vhost.error.log;
  16.         location / {
  17.              include      uwsgi_params;
  18.              # upstream 的那个名称
  19.              uwsgi_pass osroom-web;
  20.              # python虚拟环境目录路径 
  21.              uwsgi_param UWSGI:_PYHOME /home/work/project/venv_osroom;
  22.              # 项目目录路径 
  23.              uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/work/project/osroom-demo;;
  24.              uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT start:app;
  25.           }
  26. }
  • 如果需要配置ssl请加上监听443端口，配置好证书，然后80端口301重定向到443 https请求, 如下:(不需配置SSL证书的请直接跳过此步骤)
  1. upstream osroom-web {
  2.       # 转发到6001端口
  3.       server 127.0.0.1:6001;
  4. }
  6. server {
  7.         # 监听443端端口
  8.         listen 443;
  9.         server_name <你的域名>;
  10.         ssl on;
  11.         root html;
  12.         index index.html index.htm;
  13.         # ssl证书文件
  14.         ssl_certificate   /home/work/project/15212232323.pem;
  15.         ssl_certificate_key  /home/work/project/15212232323.key;
  16.         ssl_session_timeout 5m;
  17.         ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
  18.         ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
  19.         ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
  21.         gzip on;
  22.         gzip_comp_level 5;
  23.         gzip_types application/json text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/xml text/css;
  24.         open_log_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s valid=1m min_uses=2;
  25.         access_log /var/log/nginx/manage.vhost.access.log;
  26.         error_log /var/log/nginx/manage.vhost.error.log;
  27.         location / {
  28.              include      uwsgi_params;
  29.              # upstream 的那个名称
  30.              uwsgi_pass osroom-web;
  31.              # python虚拟环境目录路径 
  32.              uwsgi_param UWSGI:_PYHOME /home/work/project/venv_osroom;
  33.              # 项目目录路径 
  34.              uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/work/project/osroom-demo;;
  35.              uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT start:app;
  36.           }
  37. }
  39. server {
  40.         listen 80;
  41.         server_name <你的域名>;
  42.         return    301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
  43. }
  • 写好配置文件后编辑nginx主配置文件include 上一步写的配置文件
  1. # Ubuntu apt-get安装后的Nginx配置文件在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  2. # 编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf找到在http {}里面最后添加osroom.conf 
  3. # 可以用*通配符，前提是该目录下没有其他非nginx得.conf配置文件
  4. http {
  6.    ...
  8.   include /home/work/project/*.conf;
  9. }

重启Nginx

  1. sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

访问

  • 这个时候就可以通过域名（域名有解析到服务器的情况下）或IP访问OSROOM了