LNMP 环境搭建

LAMP不同的是LNMP中的N指的是是Nginx(类似于Apache的一种web服务软件)其他都一样目前这种环境应用的也是非常之多。Nginx设计的初衷是提供一种快速高效多并发的web服务软件在静态页面的处理上Nginx的确胜Apache一筹,然而在动态页面的处理上Nginx并不比Apache有多少优势但是,目前还是有很多爱好者对Nginx比较热衷,随着Nginx的技术逐渐成熟,它在web服务软件领域的地位越来越高

【MySQL安装

1. 下载mysql/usr/local/src/

cd /usr/local/src/

wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz

2. 解压

tar zxvf /usr/local/src/ mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-icc-glibc23.tar.gz

3. 把解压完的数据移动到/usr/local/mysql

mv mysql-5.0.86-linux-i686-ii-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql

4. 建立mysql用户

useradd mysql

5. 初始化数据库

cd /usr/local/mysql

mkdir /data/mysql ; chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

./scripts/mysql_install_db —user=mysql —datadir=/data/mysql

—user定义数据库的所属主,—datadir定义数据库安装到哪里,建议放到大空间的分区上,这个目录需要自行创建

6. 拷贝配置文件

cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

7. 拷贝启动脚本文件并修改其属性

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

8. 修改启动脚本

vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

需要修改的地方有datadir=/data/mysql(前面初始化数据库时定义的目录)

9. 把启动脚本加入系统服务项,并设定开机启动,启动mysql

chkconfig —add mysqld

chkconfig mysqld on

service mysqld start

如果启动不了,请到/data/mysql/ 下查看错误日志,该日志格式为主机名.err。

php的安装

这里要先声明一下,针对Nginxphp安装和针对apachephp安装是有区别的,因为Nginx中的php是以fastcgi的方式结合nginx的,可以理解为nginx代理了phpfastcgi,而apache是把php作为自己的模块来调用的

useradd www

cd /usr/local/src/

wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/php-5.2.10.tar.gz

wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz

下载的第二个包php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz是用来给php打补丁的,默认情况下,php是无法编译出fastcgi

tar zxvf php-5.2.10.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.13.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.10 -p1

cd php-5.2.10

./configure —prefix=/usr/local/php —with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc —with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql —with-mysql-sock=/tmp —with-libxml-dir —with-gd —with-jpeg-dir —with-png-dir —with-freetype-dir —with-iconv-dir —with-zlib-dir —with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt —enable-soap —enable-gd-native-ttf —enable-ftp —enable-mbstring —enable-exif —enable-zend-multibyte —disable-ipv6 —enable-fastcgi —enable-fpm

make && make install

mkdir /usr/local/php/etc

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

/tmp/php-fcgi.sock 这一行要改成这样,这里这样修改了以后,在配置nginx的时候就需要注意这个路径了修改用户和组的名称为”www” 去掉注释,改成这样: Unix user of processes www Unix group of processes www

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

其他关于php的扩展模块安装请参考:

CentOS 5.5下安装mysql5.1.57+php5.2.17(FastCGI)+nginx1.0.1高性能Web服务器

nginx 安装以及配置

1. nginx源码安装

cd /usr/local/src/

wget http://syslab.comsenz.com/downloads/linux/nginx-0.9.6.tar.gz

tar zxvf nginx-0.9.6.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.9.6

./configure —prefix=/usr/local/nginx —sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx —conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf —error-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log —http-log-path=/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log —pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/var/nginx.pid —lock-path=/usr/local/nginx/var/nginx.lock —http-client-body-temp-path=/dev/shm/nginx_temp/client_body —http-proxy-temp-path=/dev/shm/nginx_temp/proxy —http-fastcgi-temp-path=/dev/shm/nginx_temp/fastcgi —user=www —group=www —with-cpu-opt=pentium4F —without-select_module —without-poll_module —with-http_realip_module —with-http_sub_module —with-http_gzip_static_module —with-http_stub_status_module —without-http_ssi_module —without-http_userid_module —without-http_geo_module —without-http_memcached_module —without-http_map_module —without-mail_pop3_module —without-mail_imap_module —without-mail_smtp_module —with-pcre

make && make install

mkdir /dev/shm/nginx_temp

有的nginx版本编译时会因为pcre编译不过去,需要修改一下 —with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-7.8,前提是已经下载pcre源码pcre-7.8.tar.gz,并解压到/usr/local/src/pcre-7.8,不需要编译pcre

2. 编写nginx的启动脚本,并加入系统服务

vi /etc/init.d/nginx 写入以下内容:

#!/bin/bash

chkconfig: - 30 21

description: http service.

Source Function Library

. /etc/init.d/functions

Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN=”/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx” NGINX_CONF=”/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf” NGINX_PID=”/usr/local/nginx/var/nginx.pid” RETVAL=0 prog=”Nginx” start() { echo -n $”Starting $prog: “ mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $”Stopping $prog: “ killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL } reload(){ echo -n $”Reloading $prog: “ killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL } restart(){ stop start } configtest(){ $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t return 0 } case “$1” in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) restart ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $”Usage: $0 “ RETVAL=1 esac

exit $RETVAL

保存后,更改/etc/init.d/nginx的权限

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

chkconfig —add nginx

chkconfig nginx on

3. nginx的配置

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

把原来的文件清空,然后粘贴如下内容:

user www www;

worker_processes 2;

error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/var/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 6000;

}

http

{

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 2048;

server_names_hash_max_size 4096;

log_format combined_realip ‘$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local] ‘

‘$host “$request_uri” $status ‘

‘“$http_referer” “$http_user_agent”‘;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 30;

client_header_timeout 3m;

client_body_timeout 3m;

send_timeout 3m;

connection_pool_size 256;

client_header_buffer_size 1k;

large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;

request_pool_size 4k;

output_buffers 4 32k;

postpone_output 1460;

client_max_body_size 10m;

client_body_buffer_size 256k;

client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;

proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;

fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;

fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

tcp_nodelay on;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 8k;

gzip_comp_level 5;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;

server

{

listen 80;

server_name www.example.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /data/www;

location ~ .php$ {

include fastcgi_params;

fastcgi_pass unix:/ php-fcgi.sock;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/www$fastcgi_script_name;

}

}

保存后就可以启动nginx了,在重启之前最好先检查一下是否有问题 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 如果显示 “syntax is ok 和 nginx.conf was tested successfully”这样的信息,就说明配置没有问题了,否则就需要根据提示修改了。 service nginx start

如果启动不了,请到/usr/local/nginx/logs/目录下查看nginx_error.log这个日志文件。若是没有这个日志文件,很有可能是那个目录没有写权限,请执行

chmod +w /usr/local/nginx/logs/ service nginx restart

【测试是否解析php文件】

vim /data/www/1.php

写入如下内容: 然后设定hosts文件,

访问 www.92csz.com/1.php 看是否能解析出这个页面。