Go 设计模式

单例模式(Singleton)

package main
import (
    "fmt"
    "sync"
)
/*
go 单例模式：
1. 使用 lock，为了并发安全，使用 lock + double check
2. 使用 sync.Once
3. 使用 init() The init function is only called once per file in a package,  so we can be sure that only a single instance will be created
参考：
- https://blog.cyeam.com/designpattern/2015/08/12/singleton
- https://golangbyexample.com/all-design-patterns-golang/
- https://medium.com/golang-issue/how-singleton-pattern-works-with-golang-2fdd61cd5a7f
*/
var lock = &sync.Mutex{}
type single struct {
}
var singleInstance *single
func getInstance() *single {
     if singleInstance == nil { // 防止每次调用 getInstance 都频繁加锁
         lock.Lock()
         defer lock.Unlock()
         // double check. 如果超过一个goroutine进入这里，保证只有一个 goroutine 创建
         if singleInstance == nil {
             fmt.Println("Creting Single Instance Now")
             singleInstance = &single{}
         } else {
             fmt.Println("Single Instance already created-1")
         }
     } else {
         fmt.Println("Single Instance already created-2")
     }
     return singleInstance
}
func main() {
     for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
         go getInstance()
     }
     // Scanln is similar to Scan, but stops scanning at a newline and
     // after the final item there must be a newline or EOF.
     fmt.Scanln()
}
/*
// 使用 once
var once sync.Once
type single struct {
}
var singleInstance *single
func getInstance() *single {
     if singleInstance == nil {
         once.Do(
             func() {
                 fmt.Println("Creting Single Instance Now")
                 singleInstance = &single{}
             })
     } else {
         fmt.Println("Single Instance already created-2")
     }
     return singleInstance
}
*/