3.1.2 Win32_Code

// 窗口搭建**
// wincreate.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
\#include "stdafx.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​    switch ( nMsg )
​    {
​    case WM_DESTROY:
​        PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​        break;
​    }
​    return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​    WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​    wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​    wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​    wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​    wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);//背景色
​    wce.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//光标
​    wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​    wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​    wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​    wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​    wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​    wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​    wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​    RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​    
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​    HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​        CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​        NULL );
​    return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​    ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​    UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​    MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​    while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​    {
​        TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​        DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​    }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​    g_hInstance = hInstance;
​    Register("Main",WndProc);
​    HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","Windows");
​    Display( hWnd);
​    Message();
​    return 0;
}
**//窗口附加数据、子窗口**
// wincreate.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.
//
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "stdio.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//窗口处理函数(处理消息)
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_SYSCOMMAND:
​              MessageBox( hWnd, "WM_SYSCOMMAND", "Infor",MB_OK );
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );//默认处理函数
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 200;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 200;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );// 向系统写入，注册
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//创建子窗口
HWND CreateChild( LPSTR lpClassName,LPSTR lpWndName,HWND hParent )
{
​       HWND hChild = CreateWindowEx( 0,lpClassName, lpWndName,
​              WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,100,100,200,200,hParent,
​              NULL,g_hInstance,NULL);
​       return hChild;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
//写入附加数据
void SetExtra( HWND hWnd )
{
​       char *pszText = "hello data";
​       SetClassLong( hWnd, 196, (LONG)pszText);
​       SetWindowLong( hWnd, 0, 1000);
}
//读入附件数据
void GetExtra( HWND hWnd )
{
​       LONG nClassExtra = GetClassLong(hWnd, 196);
​       char* pszText = (char*)nClassExtra;
​       LONG nWndExtra = GetWindowLong( hWnd, 0);
​       CHAR seText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( seText, "窗口类：%s,窗口：%d\n",pszText,nWndExtra);
​       MessageBox( NULL, seText,"Infor", MB_OK ); //提示框（显示）
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Register( "CHILD",DefWindowProc);
​       HWND hChildl = CreateChild("CHILD", "C1", hWnd );
​       HWND hChild2 = CreateChild("CHILD", "C2", hWnd );
​       //窗口重绘
​       MoveWindow(hChildl, 300,100,200,200,TRUE);
​       MoveWindow(hChild2, 500,100,200,200,TRUE);
​       SetExtra( hChildl );
​       GetExtra( hChild2 );
​       Display( hWnd);     
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//** **窗口消息**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "stdio.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
HANDLE g_hOutput = 0;//接收标准输出句柄
HWND g_hEdit = 0;//用于接收窗口句柄（MoveMessage()）
\#define WM_MYMESSAGE WM_USER + 1001   //自定义消息（宏）
//WM_CREATE 消息(创建子窗口)
void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, LPARAM lParam)
{
​       CREATESTRUCT *pcs = (CREATESTRUCT*)lParam;
​       char* pszText = (char*)pcs->lpCreateParams;
​       MessageBox( hWnd,pszText, "Infor",MB_OK );
​       g_hEdit = CreateWindowEx( 0, "EDIT","HELLO",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_BORDER,
​              0,0,200,200,hWnd,NULL,g_hInstance,NULL );
​       //向自定义消息发送
​       PostMessage( hWnd, WM_MYMESSAGE, 1,2 );
}
//WM_SIZE 消息
void OnSize(HWND hWnd, LPARAM lParam )
{
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText, "WM_SIZE:宽=%d,高=%d\n",LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam));
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput,szText, strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
​       MoveWindow( g_hEdit,0,0,LOWORD(lParam)-100,HIWORD(lParam)-100, TRUE );//重新绘制子窗口
​       //char *pszText = "WM_SIZE\n";
​       //WriteConsole( g_hOutput,pszText, strlen(pszText),NULL,NULL );
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_MYMESSAGE: //处理自定义消息
​              {
​                     char szText[256] = { 0 };
​                     sprintf( szText,"wParam=%d,lParam=%d",wParam,lParam );
​                     MessageBox( hWnd, szText, "Infor", MB_OK );
​              }
​       case WM_SIZE:
​              OnSize( hWnd, lParam);
​              break;
​       case WM_CREATE:
​              OnCreate( hWnd, lParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
//            PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0 //参数随意
//            SendMessage( hWnd, WM_QUIT, 0, 0 );
​              PostMessage( hWnd, WM_QUIT, 0, 0 );
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       char *pszText = "hello data";
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,
​              NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,pszText );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG nMsg = { 0 };
/*
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
*/
​       while(1)
​       {
​              if(PeekMessage(&nMsg,0,NULL,NULL,PM_NOREMOVE))//侦查作用
​              {
​                     //有消息
​                     if(GetMessage( &nMsg,0,NULL,NULL))
​                     {
​                            TranslateMessage( &nMsg );
​                            DispatchMessage( &nMsg );
​                     }
​                     else
​                     {
​                            //WM_QUIT
​                            return;
​                     }
​              }
​              else
​              {
​                     //没消息
​                     //空闲处理
​                     WriteConsole( g_hOutput, "OnIdle",6,NULL,NULL);
​              }
​       }
}
//主函数
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       AllocConsole();//dos窗口
​       g_hOutput = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );//获得dos窗口的句柄
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****键盘消息**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "stdio.h"
HANDLE g_hOutput = 0;//用于（dos）标准输出句柄
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
int g_xPos = 100; //记录坐标
int g_yPos = 100;
//     VM_PAINT 绘制消息
void OnPaint( HWND hWnd)
{
​       char *pszText = "WM_PAINT\n";
​       //WriteConsole( g_hOutput, pszText, strlen(pszText),NULL,NULL );
​       //绘图
​       PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
​       HDC hdc = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps);
​       TextOut( hdc, g_xPos, g_yPos,"hello",strlen("hello"));//画字符串
​       EndPaint( hWnd, &ps );
}
//键盘消息(按下/松开)
void OnKeyDown( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam )
{
​       char szText[256]={0};
​       sprintf( szText, "WM_KEYDOWN:%08X\n",wParam);
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput,szText,strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
​       switch( wParam )
​       {
​       case VK_UP://虚拟键码
​              g_yPos--;
​              break;
​       case VK_DOWN://虚拟键码
​              g_yPos++;
​              break;
​       case VK_LEFT://虚拟键码
​              g_xPos--;
​              break;
​       case VK_RIGHT://虚拟键码
​              g_xPos++;
​              break;
​       }
​       InvalidateRect( hWnd,NULL, TRUE );//重画
}
void OnKeyUp( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam )
{
​       char szText[256]={0};
​       sprintf( szText, "WM_KEYUP:%08X\n",wParam);
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput,szText,strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
}
// WM_CHAR消息
void OnChar( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam )
{
​       char szText[256]={ 0 };
​       sprintf( szText, "WM_CHAR:%08X\n",wParam);
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput,szText,strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_CHAR:
​              OnChar( hWnd,wParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_KEYDOWN:
​              OnKeyDown( hWnd, wParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_KEYUP:
​              OnKeyUp( hWnd, wParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_LBUTTONDOWN://申明重绘消息
​              InvalidateRect( hWnd,NULL,TRUE );
​       case WM_PAINT: //重绘消息
​              OnPaint( hWnd );
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0从而可以退出
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
//     wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       wce.style = 0;//0非强制重绘
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       AllocConsole();
​       g_hOutput = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );//调用dos窗口
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;//接收窗口句柄
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****鼠标消息**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "stdio.h"
HANDLE g_hOutput = 0;
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
int g_yPos = 100;
int g_xPos = 100;
//鼠标按键事件
void OnLButtonDown( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText,"WM_LBUTTOONDOWN:按键状态=%08X, x=%d,y=%d\n",
​              wParam, LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam) );
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput, szText, strlen(szText),NULL,NULL);
}
void OnLButtonUp( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText,"WM_LBUTTOONUP:按键状态=%08X, x=%d,y=%d\n",
​              wParam, LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam) );
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput, szText, strlen(szText),NULL,NULL);
}
//鼠标移动事件
void OnMouseMove( HWND hWnd, LPARAM lParam)
{
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText,"WM_MOUSEMoVE:x=%d,y=%d\n",LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam) );
//     WriteConsole( g_hOutput, szText, strlen(szText),NULL,NULL);
​       g_xPos = LOWORD(lParam);
​       g_yPos = HIWORD(lParam);
​       InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );
}
//绘制函数
void OnPaint( HWND hWnd)
{
​       PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
​       HDC hdc = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps);
​       TextOut( hdc,g_xPos,g_yPos,"hello",strlen("hello"));//画字符串
​       EndPaint( hWnd, &ps );
}
//鼠标双击事件
void OnLButtonDblClk( HWND hWnd )
{
​       char *pszText = "WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK\n";
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput,pszText,strlen(pszText),NULL,NULL );
}
void OnMouseWheel( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam )
{
​       short nDelta = HIWORD( wParam );
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText, "偏移量：%d\n",nDelta );
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput, szText,strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_MOUSEWHEEL:
​              OnMouseWheel( hWnd, wParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
​              OnLButtonDblClk( hWnd );
​              break;
​       case WM_PAINT:
​              OnPaint( hWnd );
​              break;
​       case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
​              OnMouseMove( hWnd,lParam);
​              break;
​       case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
​              OnLButtonDown( hWnd, wParam,lParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_LBUTTONUP:
​              OnLButtonUp( hWnd, wParam, lParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS;//窗口风格
​       //wce.style = 0;
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       AllocConsole();
​       g_hOutput = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****定时器消息**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "stdio.h"
int g_xPos = 0;
int g_yPos = 0;
BOOL g_Right = TRUE;  //g_left = FALSE;
BOOL g_Bottom = TRUE;//g_Top = FALSE;
//int nRightRect = 110;
//int nBottomRect = 110;
//nRightRect = nLeftRect+60;
//nBottomRect = nTopRect+60;
HANDLE g_hOutput = 0;
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//定时器处理函数
void OnTimer( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam )
{
//     char szText[256]={0};
//     sprintf( szText, "定时器:%d\n",wParam );
//     WriteConsole( g_hOutput, szText, strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
​       //获得边框大小
​       RECT rc ={0};
​       GetClientRect( hWnd, &rc);
​       if(g_Right)
​       {
​              if( g_xPos+50 >= rc.right )
​              {
​                     g_Right = FALSE;
​              }
​              else
​              {
​                     g_xPos++;
​              }
​       }
​       else
​       {
​              if ( g_xPos <= rc.left )
​              {
​                            g_Right = TRUE;
​                     }
​              else
​              {
​                     g_xPos--;
​              }
​       }
​       if ( g_Bottom)
​       {
​              if ( g_yPos+50 <= rc.bottom)
​              {
​                     g_yPos++;
​              }
​              else
​              {
​                     g_Bottom = FALSE;
​              }
​       }
​       else
​       {
​              if ( g_yPos >= rc.top)
​              {
​                     g_yPos--;       
​              }
​              else
​              {
​                     g_Bottom = TRUE;
​              }
​       }
//     InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL,TRUE);
​       InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL,FALSE);
}
//自定义定时器处理函数
void CALLBACK TimerProc ( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,UINT idTimer,DWORD dwCur )
{
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText, "定时器处理函数处理：%d\n",idTimer);
​       WriteConsole( g_hOutput, szText,strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
}
//绘图函数
void OnPaint( HWND hWnd)
{
​       PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
​       HDC hdc = BeginPaint( hWnd,&ps);
​       Ellipse ( hdc, g_xPos,g_yPos,g_xPos+50,g_yPos+50 );
​       EndPaint ( hWnd, &ps);
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
​              KillTimer( hWnd ,1);//左键停止
​              break;
​       case WM_PAINT:
​              OnPaint( hWnd );
​              break;
​       case WM_TIMER://触发定时器
​              OnTimer( hWnd, wParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_CREATE:
​              {
​                     //放定时器
​                     SetTimer( hWnd, 1, 10, NULL );
​       //            SetTimer( hWnd, 2, 2000, TimerProc );
​                     break;
​              }
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       AllocConsole();
​       g_hOutput = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****创建菜单项**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "stdio.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
HMENU hFile = 0;
HANDLE g_hOutput = 0;
//构建菜单
void OnCreate ( HWND hWnd )
{
​       HMENU hMain = CreateMenu();
​       hFile = CreatePopupMenu();
​       AppendMenu ( hFile, MF_STRING|MF_CHECKED, 1003, "新建");
​       AppendMenu ( hFile, MF_SEPARATOR, 0, "");// 分割线
​       AppendMenu ( hFile, MF_STRING|MF_MENUBARBREAK, 1004, "退出");//并排
​       HMENU hHelp = CreatePopupMenu();
​       AppendMenu( hHelp,MF_STRING|MF_GRAYED,1005, "关于");
​       AppendMenu ( hMain, MF_POPUP, (UINT)hFile, "文件");
​       AppendMenu ( hMain, MF_POPUP, (UINT)hHelp, "帮助");
​       SetMenu( hWnd, hMain ); //设置
}
//功能实现
int g_state = 0;//全局变量(标志量)
void OnCommand( HWND hWnd,WPARAM wParam )
{
​       switch( LOWORD(wParam) )
​       {
​       case 1003:
​              if( g_state == 0 )
​              {
​                     CheckMenuItem( hFile,0,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_UNCHECKED );
​              }
​              else
​              {
​                     CheckMenuItem( hFile, 0,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_CHECKED );//菜单项位置
​              }
​              g_state = !g_state;//反向
​              break;
​       case 1004:
​              MessageBox( hWnd, "退出被点击", "Infor",MB_OK );
​              break;
​       case 1005:
​              MessageBox( hWnd, "关于被点击", "Infor",MB_OK );
​              break;
​       }
}
//附带信息
void OnInitMenuPopup( HWND hWnd, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
​       char szText[256] = { 0 };
​       sprintf( szText,"即将显示菜单：%d,被点击的顶层菜单项索引：%d,\
​              即将显示的菜单是否为窗口菜单：%d\n",wParam,LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam) );
​              WriteConsole( g_hOutput,szText, strlen(szText),NULL,NULL );
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_INITMENUPOPUP:
​              OnInitMenuPopup( hWnd, wParam, lParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              OnCommand( hWnd, wParam );
​              break;
​       case WM_CREATE:
​              OnCreate( hWnd );
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       AllocConsole();
​       g_hOutput = GetStdHandle ( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****绘图**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
int g_kind = 0; // 标志量
void OnCommand(HWND hWnd,WPARAM wParam)
{
​       g_kind = LOWORD(wParam);
​       switch(LOWORD(wParam))
​       {
​       case ID_PIT:
​       case ID_LINE:
​       case ID_REC:
​       case ID_ELL:
​       case ID_ARC:
​              //MessageBox(hWnd,"CTRL+Y被点击","Infor",MB_OK);
​              InvalidateRect( hWnd,NULL,TRUE );//重绘
​              break;     
​       }
}
//绘制点
void DrawPit(HDC hdc)
{
​       //SetPixel(hdc,100,100,RGB(255,0,0));//点
​       for(int i=0; i<256; i++ )//面
​       {
​              for(int j=0; j<256;j++ )
​              {
​                     SetPixel(hdc,i,j,RGB(256,0,0));
​              }
​       }
}
//绘制线
void DrawLine(HDC hdc)
{
​       MoveToEx(hdc,100,100,NULL);//设置当前点
​       LineTo(hdc,300,300);//绘线
​       LineTo(hdc,200,500);//接着画
}
//绘制矩形
void DrawRec( HDC hdc)
{
​       Rectangle(hdc,100,100,300,300);//矩形
​       //RoundRect(hdc,300,100,500,300,50,50);//圆角矩形
​       RoundRect(hdc,300,100,500,300,200,200);//变成圆了
}
//绘制圆形
void DrawEll(HDC hdc)
{
​       Ellipse(hdc,100,100,300,300);//圆
​       Ellipse(hdc,300,100,600,300);//椭圆
}
//绘制弧线
void DrawArc(HDC hdc)
{
​       SetArcDirection(hdc,AD_CLOCKWISE);//顺时针//设置取弧规则
​       Arc(hdc,100,100,300,300,100,100,300,300);//画圆(默认逆时针取弧)
}
//绘图
void OnPaint(HWND hWnd)
{
​       PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };
​       HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);
​       //画笔
​       //HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID,100,RGB(255,0,0));//做笔//实线
​       HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_DASH,1,RGB(255,0,0));//做笔//虚线（必须一个像素宽）
​       HGDIOBJ nOldPen = SelectObject(hdc,hPen);//送笔
​       //画刷
​       //HBRUSH hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0));//实心画刷（填充单一色）
​       //HBRUSH hBrush = CreateHatchBrush(HS_CROSS,RGB(0,255,0));//填充阴影线
​       //HGDIOBJ hBrush = GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH);//透明画刷（从系统获取）
​       //位图
​       HBITMAP hBmp = LoadBitmap( g_hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1));
​       HBRUSH hBrush = CreatePatternBrush( hBmp );
​       HGDIOBJ nOldBrush = SelectObject(hdc,hBrush);//送刷
​       switch(g_kind)
​       {
​       case ID_ARC:
​              DrawArc(hdc);//绘制弧线
​              break;
​       case ID_ELL:
​              DrawEll(hdc);//绘制圆形
​              break;
​       case ID_REC:
​              DrawRec(hdc);//绘制矩形
​              break;
​       case ID_PIT:
​              DrawPit(hdc);//绘制点
​              break;
​       case ID_LINE:
​              DrawLine(hdc);//绘制线
​              break;
​       }
​       SelectObject(hdc,nOldPen);//换回画笔
​       DeleteObject( hPen);//释放画笔
​       SelectObject(hdc,nOldBrush);//换回画刷
​       DeleteObject( hBrush );//释放画刷
​       EndPaint(hWnd,&ps);
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              OnCommand(hWnd,wParam);
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground =
​              CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,255));//(HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = NULL;//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1);//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****对话框**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "resource.h"
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//模式对话框过程函数
BOOL CALLBACK ModalDlgProc(HWND hDlg,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch (uMsg)
​       {
​       case WM_INITDIALOG:
​              SetWindowText(hDlg,"模式对话框");
​              return TRUE;
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              switch(LOWORD(wParam))
​              {
​              case IDOK:
​                     EndDialog(hDlg,1);
​                     return TRUE;
​              case IDCANCEL:
​                     EndDialog(hDlg,2);
​                     //DestroyWindow(hDlg);
​                     return TRUE;
​              }
​              break;
​       case WM_CLOSE:
​              EndDialog(hDlg,3);
​              return TRUE;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              MessageBox(hDlg,"WM_DESTORY来了！","对话框",MB_OK);
​              return TRUE;
​       }
​       return FALSE;
}
//无模式对话框过程函数
BOOL CALLBACK ModelessProc(HWND hDlg,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch (uMsg)
​       {
​       case WM_INITDIALOG:
​              SetWindowText(hDlg,"无模式对话框");
​              return TRUE;
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              switch(LOWORD(wParam))
​              {
​              case IDOK:
​                     DestroyWindow(hDlg);
​                     return TRUE;
​              case IDCANCEL:
​                     DestroyWindow(hDlg);
​                     //DestroyWindow(hDlg);
​                     return TRUE;
​              }
​              break;
​       case WM_CLOSE:
​              return TRUE;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              SetActiveWindow(GetParent(hDlg));//激活父窗口
​              return TRUE;
​       }
​       return FALSE;
}
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              switch(LOWORD(wParam))
​              {
​              case IDM_DLG_MODAL://模式
​                     {
​                            int nResult = DialogBox(g_hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG),
​                                   hWnd,ModalDlgProc);
​                            switch (nResult)
​                            {
​                            case 1:
​                                   MessageBox(hWnd,"用户按了确定按钮！","对话框",MB_OK);
​                                   break;
​                            case 2:
​                                   MessageBox(hWnd,"用户按了取消按钮！","对话框",MB_OK);
​                                   break;
​                            case 3:
​                                   MessageBox(hWnd,"用户按了关闭按钮！","对话框",MB_OK);
​                                   break;
​                            }
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              case IDM_DLG_MODELESS://无模式
​                     HWND hDlg = CreateDialog(g_hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG),
​                            hWnd,ModelessProc);
​                     ShowWindow(hDlg,SW_NORMAL);
​                     return 0;
​              }
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU_MAIN);//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","WINDOWS");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****按钮**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#define   IDC_BTN_PUSH       4001
\#define   IDC_BTN_DEFPUSH    4002
\#define   IDC_BTN_GROUP      4003
\#define   IDC_BTN_CHECK      4004
\#define   IDC_BTN_AUTOCHECK  4005
\#define   IDC_BTN_3STATE     4006
\#define   IDC_BTN_AUTO3STATE 4007
\#define   IDC_BTN_RADIO1     4008
\#define   IDC_BTN_RADIO2     4009
\#define   IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO1 4010
\#define   IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO2 4011
\#define   IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO3 4012
\#define   IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO4 4013
\#define   IDC_BTN_PUSHLIKE   4014
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_CREATE:
​       //创建按钮
​              {
​              //下压式按钮
​              int x = 4, y = 4;
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Push Button",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON,
​                     x,
​                     y,
​                     150,
​                     32,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_PUSH,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //缺省下压按钮
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Default Push Button",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_PUSHBUTTON,
​                     x,
​                     y += 36,
​                     150,
​                     32,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_PUSH,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //分组框
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Group Box",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_GROUPBOX,
​                     x,
​                     y += 36,
​                     150,
​                     96,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_GROUP,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //复选框(手动)
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Check Box",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_CHECKBOX,
​                     x,
​                     y += 100,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_CHECK,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //复选框（自动）
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Auto Check Box",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_AUTOCHECK,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //三态复选框（手动）
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "3 State",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_3STATE,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_3STATE,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //三态复选框（自动）
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Auto 3 State",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTO3STATE,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_AUTO3STATE,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //复选框1
​              SendMessage( CreateWindowEx(/* 创建并初始化*/
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Radio Button 1",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_RADIOBUTTON | WS_GROUP,/* 设为组长*/
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_RADIO1,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL),BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
​              //复选框2
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Radio Button 2",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_RADIOBUTTON,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_RADIO2,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //复选框1(自动)
​              SendMessage( CreateWindowEx(/* 创建并初始化*/
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Auto Radio Button 1",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON| WS_GROUP,/* 设为组长*/
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO1,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL),BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
​              //复选框2(自动)
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Auto Radio Button 2",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO2,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //复选框3(自动)
​              SendMessage( CreateWindowEx(/* 创建并初始化*/
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Auto Radio Button 3",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON| WS_GROUP,/* 设为组长*/
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO3,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL),BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
​              //复选框4(自动)
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Auto Radio Button 4",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     24,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_AUTORADIO4,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              //复选框(自动)(类似于下压按钮)
​              CreateWindowEx(
​                     0,
​                     "BUTTON",
​                     "Push Like",
​                     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | BS_AUTOCHECKBOX | BS_PUSHLIKE,
​                     x,
​                     y += 28,
​                     150,
​                     32,
​                     hWnd,
​                     (HMENU)IDC_BTN_PUSHLIKE,
​                     g_hInstance,
​                     NULL);
​              return 0;
​              }
​       //消息处理
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              //按钮消息
​              switch (LOWORD(wParam))
​              {
​              case IDC_BTN_PUSH:
​              case IDC_BTN_DEFPUSH:
​                     switch (HIWORD(wParam))
​                     {
​                     case BN_CLICKED:
​                            {
​                                   CHAR szText[256];
​                                   GetWindowText((HWND)lParam,szText,
​                                          sizeof(szText)/sizeof(szText[0])); //取按钮文字
​                                   MessageBox(hWnd,szText,"按钮",MB_OK);
​                                   return 0;
​                            }
​                     }
​                     break;
​              case IDC_BTN_CHECK:
​                     switch(HIWORD(wParam))
​                     {
​                     //复选框（勾）
​                     case BN_CLICKED:
​                            switch(SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_GETCHECK,0,0))
​                            {//打勾勾
​                            case BST_CHECKED:
​                                   SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_SETCHECK,BST_UNCHECKED,0);
​                                   break;
​                            case BST_UNCHECKED:
​                                   SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
​                                   break;
​                            }
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​                     break;
​                     //3态复选框（勾）
​                     case IDC_BTN_3STATE:
​                            switch(HIWORD(wParam))
​                            {
​                            case BN_CLICKED:
​                                   switch(SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_GETCHECK,0,0))
​                                   {//打勾勾
​                                   case BST_CHECKED:
​                                          SendMessage((HWND)lParam,
​                                                 BM_SETCHECK,BST_INDETERMINATE,0);//灰态
​                                          break;
​                                   case BST_INDETERMINATE:
​                                          SendMessage((HWND)lParam,
​                                                 BM_SETCHECK,BST_UNCHECKED,0);//无勾
​                                          break;
​                                   case BST_UNCHECKED:
​                                          SendMessage((HWND)lParam,
​                                                 BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);//有勾
​                                          break;
​                                   }
​                                   return 0;
​                            }
​                            break;
​                     case IDC_BTN_RADIO1://单选框1
​                            switch (HIWORD(wParam))
​                            {
​                            case BN_CLICKED:
​                                   if(SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_GETCHECK,0,
​                                          0) == BST_UNCHECKED)//当前没选
​                                   {
​                                          SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
​                                          SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hWnd,IDC_BTN_RADIO2),
​                                                 BM_SETCHECK,BST_UNCHECKED,0);
​                                   }
​                                   return 0;
​                            }
​                            break;
​                     case IDC_BTN_RADIO2://单选框2
​                            switch (HIWORD(wParam))
​                            {
​                            case BN_CLICKED:
​                                   if(SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_GETCHECK,0,
​                                          0) == BST_UNCHECKED)//当前没选
​                                   {
​                                          SendMessage((HWND)lParam,BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED,0);
​                                          SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hWnd,IDC_BTN_RADIO1),
​                                                 BM_SETCHECK,BST_UNCHECKED,0);
​                                   }
​                                   return 0;
​                            }
​                            break;
​              }
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","Windows");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****编辑框**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include <stdlib.h>
\#define  IDC_EDIT_SINGLEINE  4001
\#define  IDC_EDIT_PASSWORD   4002
\#define  IDC_EDIT_NUMBER     4003
\#define  IDC_EDIT_UPPERCASE  4004
\#define  IDC_EDIT_MULTILINE  4005
\#define  IDC_EDIT_READONLY   4006
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_CREATE:
​              {
​                     int x = 4, y = 4;
​                     //单行编辑框
​                     CreateWindowEx(
​                            WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
​                            "EDIT",
​                            "Hello, world !",
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_AUTOHSCROLL,
​                            x,
​                            y,
​                            238,
​                            24,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_EDIT_SINGLEINE,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //单行编辑框(口令式(密码))
​                     CreateWindowEx(
​                            WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
​                            "EDIT",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_PASSWORD | ES_CENTER,
​                            x,
​                            y += 28,
​                            238,
​                            24,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_EDIT_PASSWORD,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //单行编辑框(只能输入数字)
​                     CreateWindowEx(
​                            WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
​                            "EDIT",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_NUMBER | ES_RIGHT,
​                            x,
​                            y += 28,
​                            238,
​                            24,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_EDIT_NUMBER,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //单行编辑框(只能输入大写)
​                     CreateWindowEx(
​                            WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
​                            "EDIT",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_UPPERCASE,
​                            x,
​                            y += 28,
​                            238,
​                            24,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_EDIT_UPPERCASE,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //多行编辑框
​                     CreateWindowEx(
​                            WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
​                            "EDIT",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_MULTILINE | WS_HSCROLL | WS_VSCROLL,
​                            x,
​                            y += 28,
​                            238,
​                            183,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_EDIT_MULTILINE,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //多行编辑框(只读)
​                     CreateWindowEx(
​                            WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,
​                            "EDIT",
​                            "你好啊\r\n我爱学习",
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | ES_MULTILINE |
​                                   WS_HSCROLL | WS_VSCROLL | ES_READONLY,
​                            x,
​                            y += 187,
​                            238,
​                            183,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_EDIT_READONLY,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     return 0;
​              }
​              //鼠标左键消息
​       case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
​              {
​                     int nLen = GetWindowTextLength(GetDlgItem (hWnd,IDC_EDIT_MULTILINE));
​                     if(nLen)
​                     {
​                            ++nLen;
​                            LPSTR pszText = (LPSTR)malloc(nLen * sizeof(pszText[0]));
​                            GetWindowText(GetDlgItem(hWnd,IDC_EDIT_MULTILINE),pszText,nLen);
​                            MessageBox(hWnd,pszText,"密码",MB_OK);
​                            free(pszText);
​                     }
​                     return 0;
​              }
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","Windows");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****滚动条**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#define   IDC_SB_R  4001
\#define   IDC_SB_G  4002
\#define   IDC_SB_B  4003
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_CREATE:
​              {
​                     int x = 4, y = 4;
​                     //滚动条(垂直)
​                     HWND hwndSB = CreateWindowEx (
​                            0,
​                            "SCROLLBAR",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SBS_VERT,
​                            x,
​                            y,
​                            50,
​                            300,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_SB_R,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     SendMessage(hwndSB,SBM_SETRANGE,0,255);//设置范围
​                     SendMessage(hwndSB,SBM_SETPOS,0,FALSE);//设置位置
​                     //滚动条(水平)
​                     hwndSB = CreateWindowEx (
​                            0,
​                            "SCROLLBAR",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SBS_HORZ,
​                            x += 54,
​                            y += 125,
​                            150,
​                            50,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_SB_G,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     SendMessage(hwndSB,SBM_SETRANGE,0,255);//设置范围
​                     SendMessage(hwndSB,SBM_SETPOS,0,FALSE);//设置位置
​                     //滚动条(垂直)
​                     hwndSB = CreateWindowEx (
​                            0,
​                            "SCROLLBAR",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SBS_VERT,
​                            x += 154,
​                            y -= 125,
​                            50,
​                            300,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_SB_B,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     SendMessage(hwndSB,SBM_SETRANGE,0,255);//设置范围
​                     SendMessage(hwndSB,SBM_SETPOS,0,FALSE);//设置位置
​                     return 0;
​              }
​       //消息处理
​              //处理水平滚动条
​       case WM_HSCROLL:
​              {
​                     int nPos = SendMessage((HWND)lParam,SBM_GETPOS,0,0);
​                     switch(LOWORD(wParam))
​                     {
​                     case SB_LINELEFT:
​                            --nPos;
​                            break;
​                     case SB_LINERIGHT:
​                            ++nPos;
​                            break;
​                     case SB_PAGELEFT:
​                            nPos -= 32;
​                            break;
​                     case SB_PAGERIGHT:
​                            nPos += 32;
​                            break;
//                   case SB_THUMBPOSITION: //松手时拿到消息
​                     case SB_THUMBTRACK: // 滚动过程中拿到消息
​                            nPos = HIWORD(wParam);
​                            break;
​                     }
​                     SendMessage((HWND)lParam,SBM_SETPOS,nPos,TRUE);
​                     InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,TRUE);//重绘
​                     return 0;
​              }
​              //处理垂直滚动条
​       case WM_VSCROLL:
​              {
​                     int nPos = SendMessage((HWND)lParam,SBM_GETPOS,0,0);
​                     switch(LOWORD(wParam))
​                     {
​                     case SB_LINEUP:
​                            --nPos;
​                            break;
​                     case SB_LINEDOWN:
​                            ++nPos;
​                            break;
​                     case SB_PAGEUP:
​                            nPos -= 32;
​                            break;
​                     case SB_PAGEDOWN:
​                            nPos += 32;
​                            break;
//                   case SB_THUMBPOSITION: //松手时拿到消息
​                     case SB_THUMBTRACK: // 滚动过程中拿到消息
​                            nPos = HIWORD(wParam);
​                            break;
​                     }
​                     SendMessage((HWND)lParam,SBM_SETPOS,nPos,TRUE);
​                     InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,TRUE);//重绘
​                     return 0;
​              }
​       //刷背景消息
​       case WM_ERASEBKGND:
​              {
​                     HBRUSH hbru = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(
​                            SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hWnd,IDC_SB_R),SBM_GETPOS,0,0),
​                            SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hWnd,IDC_SB_G),SBM_GETPOS,0,0),
​                            SendMessage(GetDlgItem(hWnd,IDC_SB_B),SBM_GETPOS,0,0) ));
​                     RECT rcClient;
​                     GetClientRect(hWnd,&rcClient);
​                     FillRect((HDC)wParam,&rcClient,hbru);
​                     DeleteObject(hbru);
​                     return 0;
​              }
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = NULL;//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW |
​              WS_CLIPCHILDREN |WS_HSCROLL | WS_VSCROLL,CW_USEDEFAULT,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","Windows");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}
**//****组合框**
\#include "stdafx.h"
\#include "resource.h"
\#include <stdio.h>
\#include <stdlib.h>
\#define IDC_CMB_SIM     4001
\#define IDC_CMB_DD      4002
\#define IDC_CMB_DDL     4003
HINSTANCE g_hInstance = 0; //接收当前程序实例句柄
//窗口处理函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
​       static HWND hwndSim = NULL,hwndDd = NULL,hwndDdl = NULL;
​       switch ( nMsg )
​       {
​       case WM_CREATE:
​              {
​                     int x = 4,y = 4;
​                     //组合框（简单的）
​                     hwndSim = CreateWindowEx(
​                            0,
​                            "COMBOBOX",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL |
​                                   CBS_AUTOHSCROLL | CBS_SIMPLE,
​                            x,
​                            y,
​                            200,
​                            250,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_CMB_SIM,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //组合框（下拉式）
​                     hwndDd = CreateWindowEx(
​                            0,
​                            "COMBOBOX",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL |
​                            CBS_AUTOHSCROLL | CBS_DROPDOWN,
​                            x += 204,
​                            y,
​                            200,
​                            250,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_CMB_DD,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     //组合框（下拉列表式）
​                     hwndDdl = CreateWindowEx(
​                            0,
​                            "COMBOBOX",
​                            NULL,
​                            WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_VSCROLL | CBS_DROPDOWNLIST,
​                            x += 204,
​                            y,
​                            200,
​                            250,
​                            hWnd,
​                            (HMENU)IDC_CMB_DDL,
​                            g_hInstance,
​                            NULL);
​                     break;
​              }
​       //组合框消息
​       case WM_COMMAND:
​              switch (LOWORD(wParam))
​              {
​              //添加选项
​              case IDM_CMB_ADD:
​                     {
​                            for (int i = 0; i< 100; ++i)
​                            {
​                                   CHAR szItem[256];
​                                   sprintf(szItem,"Item %d",i);
​                                   SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)szItem);
​                                   SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_SETITEMDATA,i,i+1000);//附加数据
​                                   SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)szItem);
​                                   SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_ADDSTRING,0,(LPARAM)szItem);
​                            }
​                            SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_INSERTSTRING,10,(LPARAM)"Item 9.5");
​                            SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_INSERTSTRING,10,(LPARAM)"Item 9.5");
​                            SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_INSERTSTRING,10,(LPARAM)"Item 9.5");
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //删除选项
​              case IDM_CMB_DEL:
​                     SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_DELETESTRING,10,0);
​                     SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_DELETESTRING,10,0);
​                     SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_DELETESTRING,10,0);
​                     return 0;
​              //全删除
​              case IDM_CMB_RESET:
​                     SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_RESETCONTENT,0,0);
​                     SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_RESETCONTENT,0,0);
​                     SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_RESETCONTENT,0,0);
​                     return 0;
​              //获取选项
​              case IDM_CMB_GET:
​                     {
​                            int nSel = SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETCURSEL,0,0);
​                            CHAR szMsg[256];
​                            if(nSel == CB_ERR)
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"没有选项!");
​                            else
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"当前选项：%d",nSel);
​                            MessageBox(hWnd,szMsg,"WinCombo",MB_OK);
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //设置当前被选项
​              case IDM_CMB_SET:
​                     {
​                            SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_SETCURSEL,5,0);
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //模糊查找
​              case IDM_CMB_FIND:
​                     {
​                            int nFind = SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_FINDSTRING,-1,(LPARAM)"Item 55");
​                            CHAR szMsg[256];
​                            if(nFind == CB_ERR)
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"没找到！");
​                            else
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"找到了：%d",nFind);
​                            MessageBox(hWnd,szMsg,"WinCombo",MB_OK);
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //精确查找
​              case IDM_CMB_EXACT:
​                     {
​                            int nFind = SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_FINDSTRINGEXACT,-1,(LPARAM)"Item");
​                            CHAR szMsg[256];
​                            if(nFind == CB_ERR)
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"没找到！");
​                            else
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"找到了：%d",nFind);
​                            MessageBox(hWnd,szMsg,"WinCombo",MB_OK);
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //选择设置
​              case IDM_CMB_SELSTR:
​                     {
​                            SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_SELECTSTRING,-1,(LPARAM)"itEm 55");
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //获取内容
​              case IDM_CMB_TEXT:
​                     {
​                            int nSel = SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETCURSEL,0,0);
​                            if(nSel != CB_ERR)
​                            {
​                                   int nLen = SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETLBTEXTLEN,
​                                          nSel,0);
​                                   ++nLen;
​                                   LPSTR pszText = (LPSTR)malloc(nLen * sizeof(pszText[0]));
​                                   SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETLBTEXT,nSel,
​                                          (LPARAM)pszText);
​                                   MessageBox(hWnd,pszText,"WinCombo",MB_OK);
​                                   free(pszText);
​                            }
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //显示文件/目录
​              case IDM_CMB_DIR:
​                     {
​                     SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_DIR,DDL_ARCHIVE,(LPARAM)"C:/Windows/*.*");//文件
​                     SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_DIR,DDL_DIRECTORY | DDL_EXCLUSIVE/*排除它*/,
​                            (LPARAM)"C:/Windows/*.*");//目录
​                     SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_DIR,DDL_HIDDEN | DDL_ARCHIVE | DDL_SYSTEM |
​                            DDL_EXCLUSIVE/*排除它*/,(LPARAM)"C:/*.*");//隐藏文件
​                     return 0;
​                     }
​              //附加数据
​              case IDM_CMB_DATA:
​                     {
​                            int nSel = SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETCURSEL,0,0);//获得所选项
​                            if(nSel != CB_ERR)
​                            {
​                                   int data = SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETITEMDATA,nSel,0);//拿选项
​                                   char szMsg[256];
​                                   sprintf(szMsg,"附加数据:%d",data);
​                                   MessageBox(hWnd,szMsg,"WinCombo",MB_OK);
​                            }
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              //通知消息
​              case IDC_CMB_SIM:
​                     switch (HIWORD(wParam))
​                     {
​                     case CBN_SELCHANGE:
​                            int nSel = SendMessage(hwndSim,CB_GETCURSEL,0,0);
​                            if(nSel != CB_ERR)
​                            {
​                                   SendMessage(hwndDd,CB_SETCURSEL,nSel,0);
​                                   SendMessage(hwndDdl,CB_SETCURSEL,nSel,0);
​                            }
​                            return 0;
​                     }
​              }
​              break;
​       case WM_DESTROY:
​              PostQuitMessage( 0 );//能够使getMessage返回0
​              break;
​       }
​       return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam,lParam );
}
//注册窗口类
void Register(LPSTR lpClassName,WNDPROC wndproc )
{
​       WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };
​       wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); //结构体的大小
​       wce.cbClsExtra = 0;//窗口类缓冲区
​       wce.cbWndExtra = 0;//窗口缓冲区
​       wce.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_3DFACE+1);//背景色
​       wce.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);//光标
​       wce.hIcon = NULL;//窗口大图标句柄
​       wce.hIconSm = NULL;//窗口小图标句柄
​       wce.hInstance = g_hInstance;//当前模块句柄
​       wce.lpfnWndProc = wndproc;//窗口处理函数
​       wce.lpszClassName = lpClassName;//窗口类名称
​       wce.lpszMenuName = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU_MAIN);//菜单名
​       wce.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;//窗口风格
​       RegisterClassEx( &wce );//注册，向系统写入
​       
}
//创建主窗口
HWND CreateMain( LPSTR lpClassName, LPSTR lpWndName )
{
​       HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, lpClassName,lpWndName,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
​              CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,NULL,NULL,g_hInstance,
​              NULL );
​       return hWnd;
}
//显示（绘制）窗口
void Display(HWND hWnd )
{
​       ShowWindow( hWnd,SW_SHOW );
​       UpdateWindow( hWnd);
}
//消息循环
void Message()
{
​       MSG uMsg = { 0 };
​       while( GetMessage(&uMsg,NULL,0,0)) //获取消息
​       {
​              TranslateMessage( &uMsg ); // 翻译，分析
​              DispatchMessage( &uMsg ); // 调度，派发
​       }
}
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
​                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
​                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
​                     int       nCmdShow)
{
​       g_hInstance = hInstance;
​       Register("Main",WndProc);
​       HWND hWnd = CreateMain( "Main","Windows");
​       Display( hWnd);
​       Message();
​       return 0;
}