C++17 and libstdc++ ABI

Ceph has switched over to C++17 in mimic. To build Ceph on old distros withoutGCC-7, it is required to install GCC-7 from additionary repos. On RHEL/CentOS,we are using devtoolset-7 from SCLs for building Ceph. But devltoolset-7 isalways using the old ABI even if _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1 is defined. So,on RHEL/CentOS, the old implementations of std::string and std::listare still used. In other words, std::string is still copy-on-write, andstd::list::size() is still O(n) on these distros. But on Ubuntu Xenial,Ceph is built using the new ABI. So, because we are still using libstdc++ anddevtoolset for building packages on RHEL/CentOS, please do not rely on thebehavior of the new ABI or the old one.

For those who argue that “GCC supports dual ABI!”, here comes the long story.The problem is in the system shared library and libstdc++_nonshared.a model.If some symbol is exported from the system shared library, we must use that, andcannot override it. Also, the dual ABI support requires several of the systemshared library symbols to behave differently (e.g. for locale facets, needto register twice as many, one set for old ABI, another for new ABI). So, thisleaves us with no options but to stick with the old ABI, if we want to enablethe built binaries to run on old distros where only the libstdc++ with the oldABI is available.