会计期间和会计年度

注解

会计年度和会计期间

A fiscal year (or financial year) corresponds to twelve months for a company. In many countries, the fiscal year corresponds to a calendar year. That is not the case in others.

The fiscal year is divided into monthly or three-monthly accounting periods.

OpenERP’s management of the fiscal year is flexible enough to enable you to work on several years at the same time. This gives you several advantages, such as creating three-year budgets, and statements straddling several calendar years.

定义一个会计期间或者会计年度

To define your fiscal year, use the menu Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Financial Accounting ‣ Periods ‣ Fiscal Year. You can create several years in advance to define long-term budgets.

Defining a financial year and periods

First enter the date of the first day of your fiscal year and the last day. Then to create the periods, click one of the two buttons at the bottom depending on whether you want to create twelve 1-month or four 3-month periods:

• 建立月期间(Create Monthly Periods) ，

• 建立季期间(Create 3 Months Periods) ，

会计年度结账

To close a financial year, use the menu Accounting‣ Periodical Processing ‣ End of Period ‣ Close a Fiscal Year. A wizard opens asking you for the essential information it needs to close the following year.

When the year is closed, you can no longer create or modify any financial transactions in that year. So you should always make a backup of the database before closing the fiscal year. Closing a year is not obligatory, and you could easily do that sometime in the following year, when your accounts are finally sent to the statutory authorities, and no further modifications are permitted.

Closing a financial year

It is also possible to close an accounting period. You could, for example, close a monthly period when a tax declaration has been made. When a period is closed, you cannot modify any of the entries in that period. To close an accounting period, use the menu Accounting‣ Periodical Processing ‣ End of Period ‣ Close a Period.