部署

正如您所见到的，OpenERP的完整的体系结构包括以下内容：

  • 数据库服务器，

  • 一个OpenERP应用服务器，

  • 一个OpenERP客户端的Web服务器，

  • several clients that access the OpenERP server: they can either be web clients if the client-web server is installed, or GTK clients.

注解

部署

Deployment is the process of putting an OpenERP database into a production-ready state, where it can be used by everyone in your business for their daily work. You would usually configure OpenERP and load data into it on one development system, train staff on that or another training system and deploy it onto a production system that has better protection against failure, better security and more performance.

部署环境

To deploy OpenERP in your company, several options are available to you:

  • a SaaS (Software as a Service) or On-Demand offer, which includes the equipment, the hosting, the maintenance and the support on a system configured to your needs in advance,

  • an internal installation, that you manage yourselves or have managed by an IT services company such as an OpenERP partner,

  • hosting by a server supplier on which OpenERP is installed, which enables you to proceed to add adaptations on your server.

前两种方法是最常用的。

以SaaS(Software as a Service)方式部署

SaaS is a complete package hosted at a supplier, that includes the following services: server hardware, hosting of the generic solution, installation and initial configuration, redundancy of the architecture, backups, system maintenance and support. It is also known as On-Demand.

It is provided in the form of a monthly subscription with a fixed price per user. You can find the detail of Tiny’s SaaS packages at http://ondemand.openerp.com/.

SaaS packages do not permit you to develop specific modules to your needs. On the contrary, they offer a service at a set price based on standard software modules that contain few migration risks. SaaS suppliers are limited generally to the modules certified and validated by the original author and project manager, Tiny.

这里有一个OpenERP的SaaS解决方案的主要优点：

  • an unbeatable return on investment (cost of implementation: 0, cost of licenses: 0),

  • costs that are controlled and without surprises (the offer includes maintenance, frequent migrations and support),

  • 整体解决方案，在安装後不到二十四小时內，

  • 安裝包适应和预先设定的不同部门的活动，

  • a very robust architecture guaranteed to have constant and permanent access, reachable from anywhere.

So this server is recommended for small companies with fewer than about fifteen employees.

服务器托管

第一眼看上去，主机OpenERP系统与SaaS看起来非常相似，他通过Web浏览器提供了OpenERP的远程安装。但是，总的来说，相似性也仅止于此。

它与SaaS比较，你应该检查主机提供适当的包括以下内容：

  • 服务器硬件，

  • 主机，

  • 维护，

  • 未来的迁移，

  • 备份，

  • 服务器冗余，

  • 电话支持和Email支持，

  • 频繁更新的模块。

通过以下几点来提升您的访问速度：

  • 此OpenERP 已析出,

  • 实施成本（配置，导入数据，培训），

  • 配置的成本（若已提出），

  • 该技术用于保护您的数据库程序，

  • 为防止系统因技术和程序故障，

  • 用于恢复故障系统的技术和程序，

  • 在用户数量上的限制，同时使用的用户数，以及数据库的大小，

  • 支持及其费用水平，

  • 该程序用于更新OpenERP（故障的固定版本）

  • the procedure adopted for OpenERP upgrades (to versions that have both fault fixes and new functionality).

Calling such suppliers can be a good solution if you are willing to entrust all the technical specifications for the functioning of OpenERP to them, especially if you need to use customized or extension modules that are not in the stable version released by Tiny.

内部安装

Large and medium-large companies typically install OpenERP using their own internal company resources. They usually prefer to have their own IT service in charge of maintenance.

Such companies can do the implementation work themselves internally, or turn to an OpenERP partner who will do the ERP implementation work or assist them with it. Generally, companies prefer to adopt an intermediate solution which consists of:

  1. Turning the initial implementation over to a partner to limit the risks and delays of integration. That enables them to be managed by experts and obtain a high quality configuration.

  2. Taking charge of the simple needs for themselves once the software has been implemented. It is quite a lot more convenient for them to be able to modify the database tables, forms, templates and workflows internally than routinely depend on a supplier.

An internal installation will probably prove more costly than a SaaS package or hosted service. Even if you put yourself in charge of it all, you will take quite a bit of time learning how to manage the implementation unless the team already has an experience of OpenERP. This represents a significant risk.

然而，内部的实现可以特别有趣：

  • 你想保存你的数据到你公司去，

  • 你想改动你写的软件，

  • 你想拿到一个特定的模块包，

  • 你会希望响应的时间如飞一般，

  • 你希望软件即使你未连上Internet互联网依然都可以使用。

These factors, and access to the resources needed to handle an implementation and the subsequent maintenance, are the reasons that large and medium-large companies usually do it for themselves, at least partly.

部署过程

The deployment of a version of OpenERP is quite simple when your server has been configured in your production environment. The security of data will then be a key element.

当你安装了服务器，你应该至少创建两个数据库：

  • 用于测试或者开发的一个数据库，用户用来测试系统和熟悉操作之用的，

  • 一个是生产环境使用的数据库，这数据库将是一个公司日常使用的。

注解

版本编号

OpenERP uses a version numbering model that comprises 3 numbers A.B.C (for example 4.2.2 or 5.0.0) where changes in the number A signify a major functional change, changes to number B signify an update that includes a batch of fault fixes and some new functionality, and the number C generally refers to some limited updates or fixes to the existing functionality.

The number B is special: if it is an odd number, (for example 4.3.2 or 5.1.0) it is for a development version which is not designed for a production environment. The even numbers are for stable versions.

If you have prepared a data module for OpenERP (that is a module that consists just of data, not altered functionality), you should test it in your development version and check that it does not require any more manual adjustments. If the import runs correctly, it shows that you are ready to load your data in the production database.

You can use the OpenERP database backup procedure at different stages of configuration (see 安装与初始配置). Then, if you have made a false step that you cannot recover from, you can always return to a prior state.

Since your data describes much of your company’s value, take particular care both when you need to transfer it (in backups and across your network) and when you are managing the super-administrator password. Make sure that the connection between a PC client and the two servers is correctly secured. You can configure OpenERP to use the HTTPS protocol, which provides security for data transfer

注解

HTTPS

The HTTPS protocol (Secured Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is the standard HTTP protocol secured by using the SSL (Secure Socket Layer) or TLS (Transport Layer Security) security protocols. It allows a user to verify her identify to the site to which she wants access, using a certificate of authentication. It also guarantees the integrity and confidentiality of the data sent between the user and the server. It can, optionally, provide highly secure client authentication by using a numbered certificate.

默认HTTPS端口为 443端口。

您也可以使用PostgreSQL数据库直接备份和恢复服务器上的数据，根据不同的访问权限和服务器密码的可用性。