Vector3

Vector used for 3D math.

Description

3-element structure that can be used to represent positions in 3D space or any other triplet of numeric values.

Note: In a boolean context, a Vector3 will evaluate to false if it’s equal to Vector3(0, 0, 0). Otherwise, a Vector3 will always evaluate to true.

Tutorials

Properties

float

x

0.0

float

y

0.0

float

z

0.0

Methods

Vector3

Vector3 ( float x, float y, float z )

Vector3

abs ( )

float

angle_to ( Vector3 to )

Vector3

bounce ( Vector3 n )

Vector3

ceil ( )

Vector3

cross ( Vector3 b )

Vector3

cubic_interpolate ( Vector3 b, Vector3 pre_a, Vector3 post_b, float weight )

Vector3

direction_to ( Vector3 b )

float

distance_squared_to ( Vector3 b )

float

distance_to ( Vector3 b )

float

dot ( Vector3 b )

Vector3

floor ( )

Vector3

inverse ( )

bool

is_equal_approx ( Vector3 v )

bool

is_normalized ( )

float

length ( )

float

length_squared ( )

Vector3

limit_length ( float length=1.0 )

Vector3

linear_interpolate ( Vector3 to, float weight )

int

max_axis ( )

int

min_axis ( )

Vector3

move_toward ( Vector3 to, float delta )

Vector3

normalized ( )

Basis

outer ( Vector3 b )

Vector3

posmod ( float mod )

Vector3

posmodv ( Vector3 modv )

Vector3

project ( Vector3 b )

Vector3

reflect ( Vector3 n )

Vector3

rotated ( Vector3 axis, float angle )

Vector3

round ( )

Vector3

sign ( )

float

signed_angle_to ( Vector3 to, Vector3 axis )

Vector3

slerp ( Vector3 to, float weight )

Vector3

slide ( Vector3 n )

Vector3

snapped ( Vector3 by )

Basis

to_diagonal_matrix ( )

Constants

  • AXIS_X = 0 —- Enumerated value for the X axis. Returned by max_axis and min_axis.

  • AXIS_Y = 1 —- Enumerated value for the Y axis. Returned by max_axis and min_axis.

  • AXIS_Z = 2 —- Enumerated value for the Z axis. Returned by max_axis and min_axis.

  • ZERO = Vector3( 0, 0, 0 ) —- Zero vector, a vector with all components set to 0.

  • ONE = Vector3( 1, 1, 1 ) —- One vector, a vector with all components set to 1.

  • INF = Vector3( inf, inf, inf ) —- Infinity vector, a vector with all components set to @GDScript.INF.

  • LEFT = Vector3( -1, 0, 0 ) —- Left unit vector. Represents the local direction of left, and the global direction of west.

  • RIGHT = Vector3( 1, 0, 0 ) —- Right unit vector. Represents the local direction of right, and the global direction of east.

  • UP = Vector3( 0, 1, 0 ) —- Up unit vector.

  • DOWN = Vector3( 0, -1, 0 ) —- Down unit vector.

  • FORWARD = Vector3( 0, 0, -1 ) —- Forward unit vector. Represents the local direction of forward, and the global direction of north.

  • BACK = Vector3( 0, 0, 1 ) —- Back unit vector. Represents the local direction of back, and the global direction of south.

Property Descriptions

Default

0.0

The vector’s X component. Also accessible by using the index position [0].


Default

0.0

The vector’s Y component. Also accessible by using the index position [1].


Default

0.0

The vector’s Z component. Also accessible by using the index position [2].

Method Descriptions

Returns a Vector3 with the given components.


Returns a new vector with all components in absolute values (i.e. positive).


Returns the unsigned minimum angle to the given vector, in radians.


Returns the vector “bounced off” from a plane defined by the given normal.


Returns a new vector with all components rounded up (towards positive infinity).


Returns the cross product of this vector and b.


Performs a cubic interpolation between this vector and b using pre_a and post_b as handles, and returns the result at position weight. weight is on the range of 0.0 to 1.0, representing the amount of interpolation.


Returns the normalized vector pointing from this vector to b. This is equivalent to using (b - a).normalized().


Returns the squared distance between this vector and b.

This method runs faster than distance_to, so prefer it if you need to compare vectors or need the squared distance for some formula.


Returns the distance between this vector and b.


Returns the dot product of this vector and b. This can be used to compare the angle between two vectors. For example, this can be used to determine whether an enemy is facing the player.

The dot product will be 0 for a straight angle (90 degrees), greater than 0 for angles narrower than 90 degrees and lower than 0 for angles wider than 90 degrees.

When using unit (normalized) vectors, the result will always be between -1.0 (180 degree angle) when the vectors are facing opposite directions, and 1.0 (0 degree angle) when the vectors are aligned.

Note: a.dot(b) is equivalent to b.dot(a).


Returns a new vector with all components rounded down (towards negative infinity).


Returns the inverse of the vector. This is the same as Vector3( 1.0 / v.x, 1.0 / v.y, 1.0 / v.z ).


Returns true if this vector and v are approximately equal, by running @GDScript.is_equal_approx on each component.


  • bool is_normalized ( )

Returns true if the vector is normalized, false otherwise.


Returns the length (magnitude) of this vector.


  • float length_squared ( )

Returns the squared length (squared magnitude) of this vector.

This method runs faster than length, so prefer it if you need to compare vectors or need the squared distance for some formula.


Returns the vector with a maximum length by limiting its length to length.


Returns the result of the linear interpolation between this vector and to by amount t. weight is on the range of 0.0 to 1.0, representing the amount of interpolation.


  • int max_axis ( )

Returns the axis of the vector’s largest value. See AXIS_* constants. If all components are equal, this method returns AXIS_X.


  • int min_axis ( )

Returns the axis of the vector’s smallest value. See AXIS_* constants. If all components are equal, this method returns AXIS_Z.


Returns a new vector moved toward to by the fixed delta amount. Will not go past the final value.


Returns the vector scaled to unit length. Equivalent to v / v.length().


Returns the outer product with b.


Returns a vector composed of the @GDScript.fposmod of this vector’s components and mod.


Returns a vector composed of the @GDScript.fposmod of this vector’s components and modv‘s components.


Returns this vector projected onto the vector b.


Returns this vector reflected from a plane defined by the given normal.


Rotates this vector around a given axis by angle (in radians). The axis must be a normalized vector.


Returns a new vector with all components rounded to the nearest integer, with halfway cases rounded away from zero.


Returns a new vector with each component set to one or negative one, depending on the signs of the components. If a component is zero, it returns positive one.


Returns the signed angle to the given vector, in radians. The sign of the angle is positive in a counter-clockwise direction and negative in a clockwise direction when viewed from the side specified by the axis.


Returns the result of spherical linear interpolation between this vector and to, by amount weight. weight is on the range of 0.0 to 1.0, representing the amount of interpolation.

Note: Both vectors must be normalized.


Returns this vector slid along a plane defined by the given normal.


Returns this vector with each component snapped to the nearest multiple of step. This can also be used to round to an arbitrary number of decimals.


  • Basis to_diagonal_matrix ( )

Returns a diagonal matrix with the vector as main diagonal.

This is equivalent to a Basis with no rotation or shearing and this vector’s components set as the scale.